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The Folly of Peering Ratios
by William B. Norton 02 Nov '05

02 Nov '05

Hi all - At the Peering BOF X at NANOG 35 in Los Angeles last week we held a debate on the rationality of Peering Traffic Ratios as a Peering Partner selection criteria. During the debate both sides made good points, but interestingly, some of the strongest arguments on both sides of the debate came out during the Q&A and during coffee break/bar/beer-n-gear ad hoc debates that followed. I have classified roughly six arguments culled from these discussion, attributed where I remembered the source, along with the corresponding counter arguments that seemed to collectively reveal the folly of peering traffic ratios as a peering discriminator. I have documented and diagrammed these arguments in the form of a white paper titled, of course, "The Folly of Peering Traffic Ratios." I am looking for some people to review the paper, provide feedback, better defend an argument on either side, provide anecdotes, whatever you believe would help make the paper an accurate portrayal of the arguments on both sides of this issue. If you have the time to let me walk you through the paper over the phone (about 20 minutes) and discuss, that would be the best - I find I get the most feedback this way. I'll send out a note to the list when I have done enough walk throughs to feel comfortable enough that I have things about right and that the draft can be circulated more broadly. Here is the current summary from The Folly of Peering Ratios v0.5: ------------------------------------------ snip --------------------------------------- Summary In the heated discussions surrounding this topic there were six flavors of arguments put forth to support peering traffic ratios as a peering selection criteria. Argument #1 - "I don't want to haul your content all over the world for free." This argument is countered with the observation that, whether peered with a content heavy or an access heavy ISP, the ISP is being paid by its customers for providing access to that traffic. It is not hauling the traffic for free. Argument #2 – "OK, but there is massive asymmetry here. Look at how many bits miles I have to carry your content, while you have only to deliver your content across the exchange point." Regardless of whether peered with content or access the load on your network is about the same; the access or content traffic has to traverse your network to get to your customers. This is an argument perhaps for more geographically distributed points of interconnection. Argument #3 – "As an Access Heavy ISP, I don't want to peer with Content Heavy ISPs, because doing so will screw up my peering traffic ratios with my other peers." The analysis and diagrammed traffic flows in this paper prove this assertion true, however, the argument is circular: 'Peering Traffic Ratios are valid criteria because they support Peering Traffic Ratios with others.' Argument #4 – "I want revenue for carrying your packets." While this argument is business rational, peering traffic ratios are a poor indicator of the value derived from the interconnection. Argument #5 – "My backbone is heavily loaded in one direction – I don't have $ to upgrade the congested part of my core without a corresponding increase in revenue." This loading problem can better be solved with better traffic engineering, with more resources for the core or by temporarily postponing all additional peering until the core is upgraded. Introducing a peering traffic ratio requirement is at best a temporary solution and signals a poorly managed network – a bad image for peers and transit customers alike. Argument #6 – "I don't want to peer with anyone else. Peering ratios help me systematically keep people out." This is an understandable (although seldom articulated out loud) argument but is a poor defense for peering traffic ratios per se since it is an arbitrary discriminator; one could just as well have specified the size of the backbone core, the market capitalization or debt structure, or an extremely large number of distributed interconnect points. Peering Traffic Ratios emerged years ago in the Internet as a peering candidate discriminator, but appear to have their roots in the PSTN world. Ratios reflect the telephony settlement model of buying and selling minutes, where the traffic difference between in and out is used for settling at the end of the month. However, the Peering Traffic Ratio discriminator model for the Internet interconnection fails because traffic ratios are a poor indicator of relative value derived from the interconnect. If you have time to review the paper (about 6 pages), please send me a note. Thanks! Bill -- //------------------------------------------------ // William B. Norton <wbn(a)equinix.com> // Co-Founder and Chief Technical Liaison, Equinix // GSM Mobile: 650-315-8635 // Skype, Y!IM: williambnorton

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cymru down?
by matthew zeier 02 Nov '05

02 Nov '05

Unable to geto to www.cymru.com and 68.22.187.24 has been down for 5+ hours. Known issue?

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Cisco Security Advisory: IOS Heap-based Overflow Vulnerability in System Timers
by Cisco Systems Product Security Incident Response Team 02 Nov '05

02 Nov '05

-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Hash: SHA1 Cisco Security Advisory: ======================== IOS Heap-based Overflow Vulnerability in System Timers ====================================================== Document ID: 68064 Revision 1.0 For Public Release 2005 November 2 1600 UTC (GMT) - ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Contents ======== Summary Affected Products Background Information Regarding Heap Overflows Details Impact Software Versions and Fixes Obtaining Fixed Software Workarounds Exploitation and Public Announcements Status of This Notice: FINAL Distribution Revision History Cisco Security Procedures - ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Summary ======= The Cisco Internetwork Operating System (IOS) may permit arbitrary code execution after exploitation of a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability. Cisco has included additional integrity checks in its software, as further described below, that are intended to reduce the likelihood of arbitrary code execution. Cisco has made free software available that includes the additional integrity checks for affected customers. This advisory is posted at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20051102-timers.shtml. Cisco is not aware of any active exploitation of this vulnerability. This advisory documents changes to Cisco IOS? as a result of continued research related to the demonstration of the exploit for another vulnerability which occurred in July 2005 at the Black Hat USA Conference. Cisco addressed the IPv6 attack vector used in that demonstration in a separate advisory published on July 29, 2005. Affected Products ================= This security advisory applies to all Cisco products that run Cisco IOS Software. Any version of Cisco IOS prior to the versions listed in the Fixed Software table below may be susceptible to heap overflow exploitation. Cisco IOS XR is not affected. To determine the software running on a Cisco product, log in to the device and issue the "show version" command to display the system banner. Cisco IOS Software will identify itself as "Internetwork Operating System Software" or simply "IOS". On the next line of output, the image name will be displayed between parentheses, followed by "Version" and the IOS release name. Other Cisco devices will not have the "show version" command or will give different output. The following example identifies a Cisco product running IOS release 12.3(6) with an installed image name of C3640-I-M: Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software IOS (tm) 3600 Software (C3640-I-M), Version 12.3(6), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc3) The next example shows a product running IOS release 12.3(11)T3 with an image name of C3845-ADVIPSERVICESK9-M: Cisco IOS Software, 3800 Software (C3845-ADVIPSERVICESK9-M), Version 12.3(11)T3, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc4) Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport Copyright (c) 1986-2005 by Cisco Systems, Inc. Additional information about Cisco IOS release naming can be found at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/620/1.html. No other Cisco products are currently known to be affected by the vulnerability addressed in this advisory. Background Information Regarding Heap Overflows =============================================== As this security advisory pertains to heap overflows, the following additional information is provided to aid in understanding the terminology used in this advisory. RFC 2828 defines a vulnerability as "A flaw or weakness in a system's design, implementation, or operation and management that could be exploited to violate the system's security policy." The threat from any particular vulnerability in a system or a protocol depends on the ease and likelihood in which the normal operations of a system can be disrupted or compromised. In order to minimize the threat, each possible attack vector for a particular vulnerability should either be mitigated with protections which may prevent the circumstances required for exploitation or remediated with software that no longer contains the vulnerability. Many forms of malicious software, commonly known as "exploits", contain a payload that seeks to disrupt or compromise a system delivered through well-known attack vectors for particular vulnerabilities. In cases where it is likely that unpatched vulnerable systems exist, counter-measures are often employed to attempt to block any and all attack vectors to minimize the threat of successful exploitation. One popular attack method often found in the payload of exploits is known as a buffer overflow. A heap-based overflow is a type of buffer overflow against a data structure residing within the memory heap. The memory heap is a section of system memory used by the operating system of the device to satisfy the dynamic data storage requirements for currently running processes. In a successful heap-based overflow, the operating system fails to enforce bounds checking on a buffer, thus allowing for the possibility of overwriting adjacent locations in system memory. The threat from buffer overflows, like the one described in this advisory, may be remediated in multiple ways. One way is to remove the particular attack vector so that it no longer exists. Another way is to employ protections in the underlying system to minimize the consequences of any future buffer overflow vulnerabilities that may be discovered. Details ======= Cisco IOS may be susceptible to remote code execution through attack vectors such as specific heap-based overflows in which internal operating system timers may execute arbitrary code from portions of memory that have been overwritten via exploitation. In many cases, a heap-based overflow in Cisco IOS will simply corrupt system memory and trigger a system reload when detected by the "Check Heaps" process, which constantly monitors for such memory corruption. In a successful attack against an appropriate heap-based overflow, it is possible to achieve code execution without the device crashing immediately. Cisco has devised counter-measures by implementing extra checks to enforce the proper integrity of system timers. This extra validation should reduce the possibility of heap-based overflow attack vectors achieving remote code execution. These improvements have been documented in Cisco Bug ID CSCei61732. Impact ====== Successful exploitations of heap-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities in Cisco IOS software often result in a Denial of Service because the exploit causes the router to crash and reload due to inconsistencies in running memory. In some cases it is possible to overwrite areas of system memory and execute arbitrary code from those locations. In the event of successful remote code execution, device integrity will have been completely compromised. Software Versions and Fixes =========================== When considering software upgrades, please also consult http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/products_security_advisories_listing.ht… and any subsequent advisories to determine exposure and a complete upgrade solution. In all cases, customers should exercise caution to be certain the devices to be upgraded contain sufficient memory and that current hardware and software configurations will continue to be supported properly by the new release. If the information is not clear, contact the Cisco Technical Assistance Center ("TAC") for assistance. Each row of the Cisco IOS software table (below) describes a release train and the platforms or products for which it is intended. If a given release train is vulnerable, then the earliest possible releases that contain the fix (the "First Fixed Release") and the anticipated date of availability for each are listed in the "Rebuild" and "Maintenance" columns. A device running a release in the given train that is earlier than the release in a specific column (less than the First Fixed Release) is known to be vulnerable. The release should be upgraded at least to the indicated release or a later version (greater than or equal to the First Fixed Release label). For further information on the terms "Rebuild" and "Maintenance," please consult the following URL: http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/620/1.html. +------------------------------------------------------+ | Major | Availability of Repaired Releases | | Release | | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | Affected | | | | 12.0-Based | Rebuild | Maintenance | | Release | | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | 12.0 | 12.0(28d) | | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.0DA | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(12)DA9 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.0DB | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.0DC | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(15)BC2i or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | | 12.0(28)S5 | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | 12.0S | 12.0(30)S4 | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.0(31)S1 | | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.0SC | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(15)BC2i or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.0SL | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.0(31)S1 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.0SP | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.0(31)S1 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.0ST | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.0(31)S1 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.0SX | Vulnerable; contact TAC | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.0SZ | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.0(31)S1 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.0T | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.1(27b) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | | 12.0(25)W5-27d | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | 12.0W5 | 12.0(28)W5-30b | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.0(28)W5-32a | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | 12.0WC | 12.0(5)WC13 | | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.0XA | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.1(27b) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.0XB | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.1(27b) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.0XC | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.1(27b) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.0XD | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.1(27b) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.0XE | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.1(26)E3 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.0XF | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.1(27b) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.0XG | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.1(27b) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.0XH | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.1(27b) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.0XI | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.1(27b) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.0XJ | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.1(27b) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.0XK | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(31) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.0XL | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(31) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.0XM | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.1(27b) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.0XN | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.1(27b) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.0XQ | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.1(27b) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.0XR | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(31) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.0XS | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.1(26)E3 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.0XV | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.1(27b) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | Affected | | | | 12.1-Based | Rebuild | Maintenance | | Release | | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | 12.1 | 12.1(27b) | | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1AA | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(31) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | | Vulnerable; for c3750-ME, migrate to | | 12.1AX | 12.2(25)EY3 or later. For c2970 and | | | 3750, migrate to 12.2(25)SEB4, 12.2(25) | | | SEC2, 12.2(25)SED or later. | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1AY | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.1(22)EA4a, | | | 12.1(22)EA5a, 12.2(22)EA6 or later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1AZ | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.1(22)EA4a, | | | 12.1(22)EA5a, 12.2(22)EA6 or later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1CX | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(31) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1DA | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(12)DA9 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1DB | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1DC | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | | 12.1(8b)E20 | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.1(13)E17 | | | 12.1E |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.1(23)E4 | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.1(26)E3 | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.1(22)EA4a | 12.1(22)EA6 | | 12.1EA |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.1(22)EA5a | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | 12.1EB | 12.1(26)EB1 | | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1EC | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(15)BC2i or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1EO | 12.1(20)EO3, | | | | available 11/30/05 | | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1EU | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(20)EU2 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1EV | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(26)SV1 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | | 12.1(12c)EW4 | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.1(13)EW4 | | | 12.1EW |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.1(19)EW3 | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.1(20)EW4 | | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1EX | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.1(26)E3 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1EY | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.1(26)E3 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1EZ | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.1(26)E3 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1T | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(31) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1XA | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(31) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1XB | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(31) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1XC | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(31) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1XD | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(31) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1XE | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.1(26)E3 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1XF | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1XG | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1XH | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(31) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1XI | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(31) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1XJ | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1XL | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1XM | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1XP | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1XQ | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1XR | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1XS | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(31) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1XT | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1XU | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1XV | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1XW | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(31) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1XX | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(31) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1XY | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(31) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1YA | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1YB | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1YC | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1YD | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1YE | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1YF | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1YH | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1YI | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.1YJ | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.1(22)EA4a, | | | 12.1(22)EA5a, 12.1(22)EA6 or later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | Affected | | | | 12.2-Based | Rebuild | Maintenance | | Release | | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.2(12m) | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.2(17f) | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.2(23f) | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | 12.2 | 12.2(26b) | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.2(27b) | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.2(28c) | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.2(29a) | 12.2(31) | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2B | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2BC | 12.2(15)BC2i | | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2BX | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(7)XI7, | | | available 15-Nov-2005 | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2BY | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2BZ | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(7)XI7, | | | available 15-Nov-2005 | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2CX | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(15)BC2i or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2CY | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(15)BC2i or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | | 12.2(15)CZ3, | | | 12.2CZ | available | | | | 3-Nov-2005 | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.2(10)DA4 | | | 12.2DA |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.2(12)DA9 | | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2DD | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2DX | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2EU | 12.2(20)EU2 | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.2(18)EW5 | | | 12.2EW |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.2(20)EW3 | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.2(20)EWA3 | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | 12.2EWA | 12.2(25)EWA3 | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.2(25)EWA4 | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | | | 12.2(25)EX, | | 12.2EX | | available | | | | 03-Nov-2005 | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | 12.2EY | 12.2(25)EY3 | Migrate to 12.2 | | | | (25)SED | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2EZ | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(25)SEC2, | | | 12.2(25)SED or later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | | | 12.2(25)FX, | | 12.2FX | | available | | | | 07-Nov-2005 | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | 12.2FY | | 12.2(25)FY | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2JA | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(7)JA1 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2JK | 12.2(15)JK5 | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | 12.2MB | 12.2(4)MB13c | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | 12.2MC | 12.2(15)MC2e | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.2(14)S15 | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.2(18)S10 | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.2(20)S9 | | | 12.2S |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.2(25)S6 | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.2(30)S1, | | | | available | | | | 14-Nov-2005 | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | 12.2SBC | | 12.2(27)SBC | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.2(25)SEB4 | 12.2(25)SED | | 12.2SE |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.2(25)SEC2 | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | 12.2SG | | 12.2(25)SG | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | 12.2SO | 12.2(18)SO4 | | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2SU | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | | 12.2(26)SV1 | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | 12.2SV | 12.2(27)SV1, | | | | available | | | | 15-Nov-2005 | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | | | 12.2(25)SW4 | | 12.2SW |--------------------+--------------------| | | | 12.2(25)SW4a | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2SX | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(17d)SXB10 | | | or later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2SXA | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(17d)SXB10 | | | or later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2SXB | 12.2(17d)SXB10 | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | 12.2SXD | 12.2(18)SXD6 | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | 12.2SXE | 12.2(18)SXE3 | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | 12.2SXF | | 12.2(18)SXF | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2SY | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(17d)SXB10 | | | or later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2SZ | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(25)S6 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2T | 12.2(15)T17 | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | 12.2TPC | 12.2(8)TPC10a, | | | | available TBD | | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2XA | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2XB | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2XC | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2XD | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2XE | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2XF | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(15)BC2i or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2XG | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2XH | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2XI | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2XJ | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2XK | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2XL | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2XM | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2XN | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2XQ | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | | 12.2(2)XR and 12.2(4)XR vulnerable, | | | migrate to 12.3(16) or later | | 12.2XR |-----------------------------------------| | | 12.2(15)XR vulnerable; migrate to 12.3 | | | (7)JA1 | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2XS | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2XT | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2XU | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2XV | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2XW | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2YA | 12.2(4)YA11, | | | | available TBD | | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2YB | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2YC | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2YD | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2YE | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(25)S6 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2YF | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2YG | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2YH | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2YJ | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2YK | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2YL | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2YM | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2YN | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2YO | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(17d)SXB10 | | | or later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2YP | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2YQ | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2YR | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2YS | | 12.2(15)YS | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2YT | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2YU | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2YV | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2YW | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2YX | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2YY | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2YZ | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(25)S6 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2ZA | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.2(17d)SXB10 | | | or later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2ZB | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2ZC | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2ZD | 12.2(13)ZD4 | | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2ZE | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(16) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2ZF | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(8)YG3 or | | 12.2ZG | later for SOHO9x migrate to 12.3(2)XA5 | | | or later for c83x | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2ZH | 12.2(13)ZH8, | | | | available TBD | | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2ZJ | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(4)XK4 or | | 12.2ZL | later for c17xx migrate to 12.4(3a) or | | | later for c3200 migrate to 12.3(7)XR6 | | | or later for ICS7750 | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2ZN | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.2ZP | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | Affected | | | | 12.3-Based | Rebuild | Maintenance | | Release | | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.3(3i) | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.3(5f) | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.3(6f) | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.3(9e) | | | 12.3 |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.3(10e) | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.3(12e) | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.3(13b) | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.3(15b) | 12.3(16) | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.3B | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | | 12.3(9a)BC7 | | | 12.3BC |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.3(13a)BC1 | | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.3BW | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | | 12.3(2)JA5 | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | 12.3JA | 12.3(4)JA1 | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.3(7)JA1 | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | 12.3JK | 12.3(2)JK1 | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | 12.3JX | 12.3(7)JX | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.3(7)T12 | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.3(8)T11 | | | 12.3T |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.3(11)T8 | | | |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.3(14)T4 | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | 12.3TPC | 12.3(4)TPC11a | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | 12.3XA | 12.3(2)XA5, | | | | available TBD | | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.3XB | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.3XC | 12.3(2)XC4 | | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.3XD | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.3XE | 12.3(4)XE4, | | | | available TBD | | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.3XF | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.3XG | 12.3(4)XG5 | | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.3XH | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | | 12.3(7)XI7, | | | 12.3XI | available | | | | 15-Nov-2005 | | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.3XJ | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(11)YF4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.3XK | 12.3(4)XK4 | | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.3XM | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.3XQ | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.4(3a) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.3XR | 12.3(7)XR6 | | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.3XS | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.4(3a) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.3XU | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.4(2)T1 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.3XW | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(11)YF4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.3XX | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.4(3a) or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.3XY | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(14)T4 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.4(3a) or | | 12.3YA | later for C828; migrate to 12.3(8)YG3 | | | or later for SOHO9x, C83x | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.3YD | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.4(2)T1 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.3YF | 12.3(11)YF4 | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | 12.3YG | 12.3(8)YG3 | | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.3YH | Vulnerable; migrate to 12.3(8)YI3 or | | | later | |------------+-----------------------------------------| | 12.3YI | 12.3(8)YI3 | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | 12.3YJ | 12.3(14)YQ3 | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | 12.3YK | 12.3(11)YK2 | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | 12.3YQ | 12.3(14)YQ3 | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | 12.3YS | 12.3(11)YS1 | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | 12.3YT | 12.3(14)YT1 | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | 12.3YU | 12.3(14)YU1 | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | Affected | | | | 12.4-Based | Rebuild | Maintenance | | Release | | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.4(1b) | | | 12.4 |--------------------+--------------------| | | 12.4(3a) | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | 12.4MR | | 12.4(2)MR1 | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | 12.4T | 12.4(2)T1 | | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | 12.4XA | | 12.4(2)XA | |------------+--------------------+--------------------| | | | 12.4(2)XB, | | 12.4XB | | available | | | | 18-Nov-2005 | +------------------------------------------------------+ Obtaining Fixed Software ======================== Customers with Service Contracts +------------------------------- Customers with contracts should obtain upgraded software through their regular update channels. For most customers, this means that upgrades should be obtained through the Software Center on Cisco's worldwide website at http://www.cisco.com. Customers using Third-party Support Organizations +------------------------------------------------ Customers whose Cisco products are provided or maintained through prior or existing agreement with third-party support organizations such as Cisco Partners, authorized resellers, or service providers should contact that support organization for assistance with the upgrade, which should be free of charge. Customers without Service Contracts +---------------------------------- Customers who purchase direct from Cisco but who do not hold a Cisco service contract and customers who purchase through third-party vendors but are unsuccessful at obtaining fixed software through their point of sale should get their upgrades by contacting the Cisco Technical Assistance Center (TAC). TAC contacts are as follows. * +1 800 553 2447 (toll free from within North America) * +1 408 526 7209 (toll call from anywhere in the world) * e-mail: tac(a)cisco.com Please have your product serial number available and give the URL of this notice as evidence of your entitlement to a free upgrade. Free upgrades for non-contract customers must be requested through the TAC. Please do not contact either "psirt(a)cisco.com" or "security-alert(a)cisco.com" for software upgrades. See http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/687/Directory/DirTAC.shtml for additional TAC contact information, including special localized telephone numbers and instructions and e-mail addresses for use in various languages. Customers may only install and expect support for the feature sets they have purchased. By installing, downloading, accessing or otherwise using such software upgrades, customers agree to be bound by the terms of Cisco's software license terms found at http://www.cisco.com/public/sw-license-agreement.html, or as otherwise set forth at Cisco.com Downloads at http://www.cisco.com/public/sw-center/sw-usingswc.shtml. Workarounds =========== There are no workarounds or configuration changes that will implement counter-measures equivalent to the increased integrity checks on system timers that have been introduced. In order to reduce the potential for system timer-related arbitrary code execution, an IOS upgrade is necessary. Successful exploitation requires an appropriate attack vector such as the vulnerability described in http://www.cisco.com/warp/publics/707/cisco-sa-20050729-ipv6.shtml. Vulnerability specific workarounds and mitigation steps may help to minimize the threat to the device by removing or minimizing the available attack vectors, but the device could still be vulnerable through any other attack vectors in which a software fix or mitigation has not been implemented. Exploitation and Public Announcements ===================================== The Cisco PSIRT is not aware of malicious use of the vulnerability described in this advisory. Exploit code exists for this vulnerability. It was used in a demonstration by Mike Lynn on July 27, 2005 at the Black Hat USA 2005 security conference where a heap overflow via an IPv6 attack vector achieved remote code execution. The IPv6 attack vector was addressed separately in a Cisco security advisory released on July 29, 2005. Status of This Notice: FINAL ============================ THIS ADVISORY IS PROVIDED ON AN "AS IS" BASIS AND DOES NOT IMPLY ANY KIND OF GUARANTEE OR WARRANTY, INCLUDING THE WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY. YOUR USE OF THE INFORMATION ON THE ADVISORY OR MATERIALS LINKED FROM THE ADVISORY IS AT YOUR OWN RISK. CISCO RESERVES THE RIGHT TO CHANGE OR UPDATE THIS NOTICE AT ANY TIME. A stand-alone copy or paraphrase of the text of this security advisory that omits the distribution URL in the following section is an uncontrolled copy, and may lack important information or contain factual errors. Distribution ============ This advisory is posted on Cisco's worldwide website at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20051102-timers.shtml. In addition to worldwide web posting, a text version of this notice is clear-signed with the Cisco PSIRT PGP key and is posted to the following e-mail and Usenet news recipients. * cust-security-announce(a)cisco.com * first-teams(a)first.org (includes CERT/CC) * bugtraq(a)securityfocus.com * vulnwatch(a)vulnwatch.org * cisco(a)spot.colorado.edu * cisco-nsp(a)puck.nether.net * full-disclosure(a)lists.grok.org.uk * comp.dcom.sys.cisco(a)newsgate.cisco.com Future updates of this advisory, if any, will be placed on Cisco's worldwide website, but may or may not be actively announced on mailing lists or newsgroups. Users concerned about this problem are encouraged to check the above URL for any updates. Revision History ================ +----------------------------------------------------+ | | | | | Revision 1.0 | 2-Nov-2005 | Initial public release | | | | | +----------------------------------------------------+ Cisco Security Procedures ========================= Complete information on reporting security vulnerabilities in Cisco products, obtaining assistance with security incidents, and registering to receive security information from Cisco, is available on Cisco's worldwide website at http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/products_security_vulnerability_policy.…. This includes instructions for press inquiries regarding Cisco security notices. All Cisco security advisories are available at http://www.cisco.com/go/psirt. - ----------------------------------------------------------------------- All contents are Copyright 1992-2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. - ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Updated: Nov 02, 2005 Document ID: 68064 - ----------------------------------------------------------------------- -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: GnuPG v1.4.1 (GNU/Linux) iD8DBQFDaOt+ezGozzK2tZARArUkAKCbXRtfxKZDQ3T5x3NDU09kMiMdgACggaVp BH34hLlTWTtB/YyiMkOhiBY= =qUE2 -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----

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ConEd down ?
by Khine, Joe 02 Nov '05

02 Nov '05

Our BGP peering with ConEd (AS 27506) went down around 10:20am EST. Per ConEd NOC, they are investigating. Does anyone have any insight on this issue ? Thanks, - Joe DISCLAIMER This e-mail, and any attachments thereto, is intended only for use by the addressee(s) named herein and may contain legally privileged and/or confidential information. If you are not the intended recipient of this e-mail, you are hereby notified that any dissemination, distribution or copying of this e-mail, and any attachments thereto, is strictly prohibited. If you have received this e-mail in error, please immediately notify me and permanently delete the original and any copy of any e-mail and any printout thereof. E-mail transmission cannot be guaranteed to be secure or error-free. The sender therefore does not accept liability for any errors or omissions in the contents of this message which arise as a result of e-mail transmission. NOTICE REGARDING PRIVACY AND CONFIDENTIALITY Knight Capital Group may, at its discretion, monitor and review the content of all e-mail communications. http://www.knight.com

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Re: SBC/AT&T + Verizon/MCI Peering Restrictions
by Brandon Butterworth 02 Nov '05

02 Nov '05

> I choose to view this as ineffectual railing against the seemingly > inevitable subordination of bit transport to compelling content. I thought he is suggesting they are going to disconnect from the Internet and run their own private net which is fine but some customers may go elsewhere > They ARE using your pipes right now, and they AREN'T paying you money. The > funny thing is that your customers ARE paying you money for access to Google > and Yahoo. Broadband gets a lot less compelling without content, so don't > push it. We provide extra broadband content to ISPs with a SFI to us, we choose not to provide that to the general Internet as the cost is too high. There is also content that ISPs pay us to provide. Plenty of choice in what he can procure for the pleasure of his customers though I'm not happy with the ongoing attempted balkanisation of the Internet brandon

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Internap BGP Contact
by Joseph W. Breu 02 Nov '05

02 Nov '05

Can someone from internap (AS 12179) contact me offlist regarding a BGP route issue? -- Thanks, --------------------------------------------------------- Joseph W. Breu, CCNA phone : +1.319.268.5228 Senior Network Administrator fax : +1.319.266.8158 Cedar Falls Utilities cell : +1.319.493.1686 support: +1.319.268.5221 url : http://www.cfu.net

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Adelphia Network Peering Contact
by Mehmet Akcin 02 Nov '05

02 Nov '05

Do we have any Adelphia Network Peering Contact or anyone knows somebody from Adelphia who I can speak about peering? Ping me please! Mehmet

2 2

Re: oh k can you see
by Sam Crooks 02 Nov '05

02 Nov '05

One of those pesky legal notice on all my outgoing email gets filtered by Randy's mail ... (the outgoing addition is not under my control).... maybe someone could tell him for me (as I can't email him...) >you have sent a message to me which seems to contain a legal >warning on who can read it, or how it may be distributed, or >whether it may be archived, etc. >i do not accept such email. my mail user agent detected a legal >notice when i was opening your mail, and automatically deleted it. >so do not expect further response. >yes, i know your mail environment automatically added the legal >notice. well, my mail environment automatically detected it, >deleted it, and sent this message to you. so don't expect a lot >of sympathy. >randy On Tue, 2005-11-01 at 12:59 -1000, Randy Bush wrote: > rfc 1546 is a good start > > i did not see sam's original query and he's not in my .procmailrc > wonder why > > randy > > CONFIDENTIALITY NOTICE: This message, and any attachments, are intended only for the lawful and specified use of the individual or entity to which it is addressed and may contain information that is privileged, confidential or exempt from disclosure under applicable law. If the reader of this message is not the intended recipient or the employee or agent responsible for delivering the message to the intended recipient, you are hereby notified that you are STRICTLY PROHIBITED from disclosing, printing, storing, disseminating, distributing or copying this communication, or admitting to take any action relying thereon, and doing so may be unlawful. It should be noted that any use of this communication outside of the intended and specified use as designated by the sender, may be unlawful. If you have received this in error, please immediately notify us by return e-mail, fax and/or telephone, and destroy this original transmission and its attachments without reading or saving in any manner.

3 2

Re: oh k can you see
by Sam Crooks 01 Nov '05

01 Nov '05

Pardon my stupidity, but could someone point to a good explanation of Anycast (vs uni, broad and multi...)? > > > > On Tue, 2005-11-01 at 10:48 -0800, Steve Gibbard and a variety of > others wrote about anycast issues: > CONFIDENTIALITY NOTICE: This message, and any attachments, are intended only for the lawful and specified use of the individual or entity to which it is addressed and may contain information that is privileged, confidential or exempt from disclosure under applicable law. If the reader of this message is not the intended recipient or the employee or agent responsible for delivering the message to the intended recipient, you are hereby notified that you are STRICTLY PROHIBITED from disclosing, printing, storing, disseminating, distributing or copying this communication, or admitting to take any action relying thereon, and doing so may be unlawful. It should be noted that any use of this communication outside of the intended and specified use as designated by the sender, may be unlawful. If you have received this in error, please immediately notify us by return e-mail, fax and/or telephone, and destroy this original transmission and its attachments without reading or saving in any manner.

5 4

(no subject)
by Ron Muir 01 Nov '05

01 Nov '05

unsubscribe

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