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EVPN-MPLS MH-ES DF Election Behavior and BUM forwarding
by Graham Johnston 12 Feb '26

12 Feb '26

Good day everyone. For those of you that are using EVPN-MPLS, although this likely applies equally to VXLAN based transport, I have a question for you based on your observations in your production networks. I have a basic configuration as follows: * Two PE routers that provide connectivity to a single downstream device via an all-active multi-homed LAG connection. * The downstream device could be a single aggregation switch, or something like an OLT. Either way, the downstream devices is configured with an uplink port to each PE, and the ports in question use LACP. * The two PE routers do not have any physical connections between each other, but instead have redundant connections to a pair of core routers. These uplinks carry MPLS traffic. * The upstream core routers are acting as route reflectors. * MRAI is set to 0 for route exchange between the core and PE routers. What I am curious to get feedback on is related to BUM traffic forwarding in the brief moment between the start and conclusion of a DF election; and risks related to BUM packets being forwarded back into the same ES from whence they came. Scenario of concern: * PE1 and PE2 are both in a steady state in the network, full routing tables are already propagated. * The port between PE1 and the CE device is active, with LACP negotiated, and with PE1 having announced the relevant EVPN routes, specifically including the type 1 and 4 routes; the port from PE2 to CE is not currently active. * Upon the link between the CE device and PE2 becoming active, with LACP negotiated, PE2 should announce the relevant type 1 and 4 routes and the DF election should commence. Before the conclusion of the DF election, we expect the following to happen, but we only have reference to single vendor implementation and we know there can be RFC interpretation differences which lead to implementation differences. * There will likely be a very brief moment wherein LACP is up and the port on PE2 can send and receive traffic, but the EVPN routes have not yet propagated from PE2 to PE1 for PE1 to include PE2's ESI label in outgoing BUM traffic that may need to be delivered to ports unrelated to this ES that may exist in the same EVI on PE2. The result of which is that those BUM packets could be forwarded by PE2 back to the CE device. I'm not clear that this is avoidable, but I expect the propagation and processing period here is very short. * Whereas, if PE2 received a BUM packet from the newly activated ES interface that was destined for PE1, it would include PE1's ES label in the stack. As PE2, in this scenario, already knows this label value prior to the activation of the ES port, I suspect there was never really a risk of PE1 receiving a BUM packet from PE2, from the same ES, that it then forwarded back into the ES. * In this moment, we believe that PE2 should not assume the DF role, for no other reason than it clearly had received routes for this ES that indicated another PE already being active. My reading of RFC7432 in this regard does not seem 110% explicit, but I don't know why PE2 would assume anything other than a non-DF role prior to the conclusion of the election. * As soon as the type 1 and 4 routes reach from PE2 reach PE1 and they are processed, all future BUM packets sent to PE2 should have PE2's ESI label on the stack, at which point, PE2 should not forward BUM traffic into the ES, as long as it didn't assume the DF role prior to the conclusion of the election. * After the election timer has concluded: - the DF role may stay with PE1, at which point nothing really changes other than the shared knowledge of that. All is good. - the DF role could move to PE2, but both PE1 and PE2 have ESI labels for each other already, and it's really just the rest of the network adjusting where it sends BUM packets relative to this ES. I guess there's a chance that there was already a packet in flight to PE1 for this ES, and PE1 may not forward the packet into the ES; I'm not clear on this, but this isn't an area of concern right now. Other scenarios: I'm frankly not worried about other scenarios as I suspect most platforms have a holddown timer that can be used to suppress forwarding of BUM packets into an ES before routes have a chance to propagate and the conclusion of the DF election. What I'm concerned about in asking for this feedback is largely interpretation of section 8.5 (Designated Forwarder Election) of RFC7432, and how it, for instance, doesn't explicitly say that ahead of step 4, the new PE should assume a non-DF role; and what operators see in their production networks. Do the major manufacturers of network gear and network operating systems all do the same thing? Are there systemic problems related to ES looped BUM traffic prior to the conclusion of the DF election and we just need to accept that? Hopefully this all makes sense. If there is something I neglected to comment on or consider, or just got wrong, I'm happy to receive some education. Thanks in advance, Graham

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Sling TV contact
by Joshua Zukerman (Clearline Communications) 10 Feb '26

10 Feb '26

Hello, I am looking for a contact at Sling TV. I operate a small WISP that was given an ARIN IPv4 allocation last year and have been slowing rolling out the new IP allocations to my customers (mostly residential with some business). When trying to access Sling.com, there is an HTTP error when visiting from any IPv4 address in the new IP allocation. I added the allocation to various Geo IP location databases online that I could find last year. I have rDNS setup for the new IP allocation. This appears to be the only website that my customers cannot access. My customer cannot find any phone number to call Sling to inform them of the issue. Thank you. Regards, Joshua Zukerman Clearline Communications Inc. DBA TK Networks Office 207-558-9911 AS401455

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Spoofer Report for NANOG for Jan 2026
by CAIDA Spoofer Project 08 Feb '26

08 Feb '26

In response to feedback from operational security communities, CAIDA's source address validation measurement project (https://spoofer.caida.org) is automatically generating monthly reports of ASes originating prefixes in BGP for systems from which we received packets with a spoofed source address. We are publishing these reports to network and security operations lists in order to ensure this information reaches operational contacts in these ASes. This report summarises tests conducted within usa, can. Inferred improvements during Jan 2026: none inferred Source Address Validation issues inferred during Jan 2026: ASN Name First-Spoofed Last-Spoofed 27364 ACS-INTERNET 2016-09-27 2026-01-09 22883 CONDENAST 2019-05-29 2026-01-27 21804 ACCESS-SK 2019-06-09 2026-01-29 52643 N&G Tecnologia LTDA 2019-09-24 2026-01-27 393397 LREC-LRT 2020-08-02 2026-01-24 36352 AS-COLOCROSSING 2020-10-08 2026-01-29 55016 IMPER-AS-1 2021-05-18 2026-01-25 22773 ASN-CXA-ALL-CCI-22773-RDC 2021-10-24 2026-01-27 12183 TALKIE-COMMUNICATIONS 2022-12-10 2026-01-30 855 CANET-ASN-4 2023-04-26 2026-01-18 400282 2023-04-27 2026-01-31 393577 SCCNET 2023-05-03 2026-01-31 394684 AS-GOLD 2024-01-17 2026-01-31 27425 ASN-IDK-27425 2024-02-21 2026-01-22 53755 IOFLOOD 2024-02-23 2026-01-30 393530 TLU 2024-05-22 2026-01-28 19935 CRRS 2024-05-29 2026-01-22 273143 2025-01-22 2026-01-24 54334 ROYA 2025-03-13 2026-01-29 273843 2025-04-02 2026-01-28 271951 IT PRONETWORK C.A. 2026-01-21 2026-01-21 399439 ATV-PUBLIC 2026-01-28 2026-01-28 Further information for these tests where we received spoofed packets is available at: https://spoofer.caida.org/recent_tests.php?country_include=usa,can&no_block… Please send any feedback or suggestions to spoofer-info(a)caida.org

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Fwd: [cherry.heiyui@keio.jp: Sad news: Dave Farber has passed away]
by Rich Kulawiec 08 Feb '26

08 Feb '26

----- Forwarded message from "Cherry, Hei Yui WONG" <cherry.heiyui(a)keio.jp> ----- > From: "Cherry, Hei Yui WONG" <cherry.heiyui(a)keio.jp> > Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2026 11:06:40 +0900 > Subject: Sad news: Dave Farber has passed away > > We are heartbroken to report that our colleague -- our mentor, friend, and > conscience -- David J. Farber passed away suddenly at his home in Roppongi, > Tokyo. He left us on Saturday, Feb. 7, 2026, at the too-young age of 91. > > To his son Manny, he was simply ???Dad???, his bedrock whom he will miss > immeasurably. They spoke almost daily by video throughout his time in > Japan, and shared special times on numerous visits. He is survived by son > Manny Farber and daughter-in-law Mei Xu, daughter-in-law Carol Hagan and > grandsons Nate Farber and Sam Farber. He was preceded in death by his wife > Gloria (G.G.) and son Joe Farber. > > Dave???s career began with his education at Stevens Institute of Technology, > which he loved deeply and served as a Trustee. He joined the legendary Bell > Labs during its heyday, and worked at the Rand Corporation. Along the way, > among countless other activities, he served as Chief Technologist of the > U.S. Federal Communications Commission; became a proficient > (instrument-rated) pilot; and was an active board member of the Electronic > Frontier Foundation, a digital civil-liberties organization. > > His professional accomplishments and impact are almost endless, but often > captured by one moniker: ???grandfather of the Internet,??? acknowledging the > foundational contributions made by his many students at the University of > California, Irvine; the University of Delaware; the University of > Pennsylvania; and Carnegie Mellon University > > In 2018, at the age of 83, Dave moved to Japan to become Distinguished > Professor at Keio University and Co-Director of the Keio Cyber Civilization > Research Center (CCRC). He loved teaching, and taught his final class on > January 22, 2026. > > At CCRC, one of his most enjoyable activities was co-hosting the IP-Asia > online gathering, which has met every Monday for more than five years and > has addressed many aspects of the impact of technology on civilization. > Dave thrived in Japan in every way. > > We, the IP-Asia community, will gather for an online remembrance of Dave at > the usual time and place, 2100 JST on Monday, February 9, 2026. > > It???s impossible to summarize a life and career as rich and long as Dave???s > in our few words here. And each of us, even those who knew him for decades, > represent just one facet of his life. But because we are here at its end, > we have the sad duty of sharing this news. Further information and a more > formal obituary are forthcoming. > > With condolences to Manny and the rest of the family, > > Jiro Kokuryo > Cherry Wong > Kaori Suzuki > Rodney Van Meter > Dan Gillmor > > Manny can be reached at manny.farber(a)gmail.com. ----- End forwarded message -----

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Hey Google - Recaptcha sucks
by William Herrin 07 Feb '26

07 Feb '26

I'm at SEATAC airport trying to access www.google.com via the public wifi with Firefox. Apparently you really don't like that because it's stuck in a Recaptcha loop displaying captcha after captcha after captcha. I can't help but notice that Chrome works. It's your _competitor_ Firefox that you don't seem to like. IP address: 198.134.98.50 Time: 2026-02-05T20:03:35Z URL: https://www.google.com/ FIx it, eh? Regards, Bill Herrin

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AS49666 certain nets out of global table
by Marco Moock 07 Feb '26

07 Feb '26

Hello! Today I noticed various connection attempts from 2001:4188:2::/48 on my TOR relay, but all replies got back a route unreachable. When checking https://bgp.tools/prefix/2001:4188:2:600:10:10:34:36 I noticed that this net was not in the table since start of January. Certain (but not all) of their IPv4 nets are also not propagated anymore to the public bgp looking glasses. Is that part of the Iran internet shutdown or is that a non-political issue? Sadly, their peers don't have RIPE probes with IPv6, so no way to test there. -- kind regards Marco Send unsolicited bulk mail to 1770474123muell(a)stinkedores.dorfdsl.de

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Weekly Global IPv4 Routing Table Report
by Routing Table Analysis Role Account 06 Feb '26

06 Feb '26

This is an automated weekly mailing describing the state of the Global IPv4 Routing Table as seen from APNIC's router in Japan. The posting is sent to APOPS, NANOG, AfNOG, SANOG, PacNOG, SAFNOG UKNOF, TZNOG, MENOG, BJNOG, SDNOG, CMNOG, LACNOG and the RIPE Routing WG. Daily listings are sent to bgp-stats(a)lists.apnic.net. For historical data, please see https://thyme.apnic.net. If you have any comments please contact Philip Smith <pfsinoz(a)gmail.com>. IPv4 Routing Table Report 04:00 +10GMT Sat 07 Feb, 2026 IPv4 BGP Table (Global) as seen at Japan. Report Website: https://thyme.apnic.net Detailed Analysis: https://thyme.apnic.net/current/ Analysis Summary ---------------- BGP routing table entries examined: 1031577 Prefixes after maximum aggregation (per Origin AS): 396659 Deaggregation factor: 2.60 Unique aggregates announced (without unneeded subnets): 508259 Number of IPv4 prefixes with a valid ROA: 611592 Number of IPv4 prefixes with an invalid ROA: 1422 Number of IPv4 prefixes with no ROA: 418563 Total ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 77862 Prefixes per ASN: 13.25 Origin-only ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 66894 Origin ASes announcing only one prefix: 27183 Transit ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 10968 Transit-only ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 551 Average AS path length visible in the Internet Routing Table: 4.7 Max AS path length visible: 209 Max AS path prepend of ASN (214570) 200 Prefixes from unregistered ASNs in the Routing Table: 1059 Number of instances of unregistered ASNs: 1098 Number of 32-bit ASNs allocated by the RIRs: 48643 Number of 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 39783 Prefixes from 32-bit ASNs in the Routing Table: 222059 Number of bogon 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 117 Special use prefixes present in the Routing Table: 1 Prefixes being announced from unallocated address space: 446 Number of addresses announced to Internet: 3103963520 Equivalent to 185 /8s, 2 /16s and 185 /24s Percentage of available address space announced: 83.8 Percentage of allocated address space announced: 83.8 Percentage of available address space allocated: 100.0 Percentage of address space in use by end-sites: 99.6 Total number of prefixes smaller than registry allocations: 336281 APNIC Region Analysis Summary ----------------------------- Prefixes being announced by APNIC Region ASes: 280718 Total APNIC prefixes after maximum aggregation: 82449 APNIC Deaggregation factor: 3.40 Prefixes being announced from the APNIC address blocks: 267364 Unique aggregates announced from the APNIC address blocks: 107063 APNIC Region origin ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 15043 APNIC Prefixes per ASN: 17.77 APNIC Region origin ASes announcing only one prefix: 4596 APNIC Region transit ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 1986 Average APNIC Region AS path length visible: 4.8 Max APNIC Region AS path length visible: 35 Number of APNIC region 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 10589 Number of APNIC addresses announced to Internet: 753007360 Equivalent to 44 /8s, 225 /16s and 251 /24s APNIC AS Blocks 4608-4864, 7467-7722, 9216-10239, 17408-18431 (pre-ERX allocations) 23552-24575, 37888-38911, 45056-46079, 55296-56319, 58368-59391, 63488-64098, 64297-64395, 131072-155961 APNIC Address Blocks 1/8, 14/8, 27/8, 36/8, 39/8, 42/8, 43/8, 49/8, 58/8, 59/8, 60/8, 61/8, 101/8, 103/8, 106/8, 110/8, 111/8, 112/8, 113/8, 114/8, 115/8, 116/8, 117/8, 118/8, 119/8, 120/8, 121/8, 122/8, 123/8, 124/8, 125/8, 126/8, 133/8, 150/8, 153/8, 163/8, 171/8, 175/8, 180/8, 182/8, 183/8, 202/8, 203/8, 210/8, 211/8, 218/8, 219/8, 220/8, 221/8, 222/8, 223/8, ARIN Region Analysis Summary ---------------------------- Prefixes being announced by ARIN Region ASes: 303121 Total ARIN prefixes after maximum aggregation: 136028 ARIN Deaggregation factor: 2.23 Prefixes being announced from the ARIN address blocks: 302578 Unique aggregates announced from the ARIN address blocks: 146354 ARIN Region origin ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 19392 ARIN Prefixes per ASN: 15.60 ARIN Region origin ASes announcing only one prefix: 7077 ARIN Region transit ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 1923 Average ARIN Region AS path length visible: 4.3 Max ARIN Region AS path length visible: 20 Number of ARIN region 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 5457 Number of ARIN addresses announced to Internet: 1342715136 Equivalent to 80 /8s, 8 /16s and 53 /24s ARIN AS Blocks 1-1876, 1902-2042, 2044-2046, 2048-2106 (pre-ERX allocations) 2138-2584, 2615-2772, 2823-2829, 2880-3153 3354-4607, 4865-5119, 5632-6655, 6912-7466 7723-8191, 10240-12287, 13312-15359, 16384-17407 18432-20479, 21504-23551, 25600-26591, 26624-27647, 29696-30719, 31744-33791 35840-36863, 39936-40959, 46080-47103 53248-55295, 62464-63487, 64198-64296, 393216-402332 ARIN Address Blocks 3/8, 4/8, 6/8, 7/8, 8/8, 9/8, 11/8, 12/8, 13/8, 15/8, 16/8, 17/8, 18/8, 19/8, 20/8, 21/8, 22/8, 23/8, 24/8, 26/8, 28/8, 29/8, 30/8, 32/8, 33/8, 34/8, 35/8, 38/8, 40/8, 44/8, 45/8, 47/8, 48/8, 50/8, 52/8, 54/8, 55/8, 56/8, 63/8, 64/8, 65/8, 66/8, 67/8, 68/8, 69/8, 70/8, 71/8, 72/8, 73/8, 74/8, 75/8, 76/8, 96/8, 97/8, 98/8, 99/8, 100/8, 104/8, 107/8, 108/8, 128/8, 129/8, 130/8, 131/8, 132/8, 134/8, 135/8, 136/8, 137/8, 138/8, 139/8, 140/8, 142/8, 143/8, 144/8, 146/8, 147/8, 148/8, 149/8, 152/8, 155/8, 156/8, 157/8, 158/8, 159/8, 160/8, 161/8, 162/8, 164/8, 165/8, 166/8, 167/8, 168/8, 169/8, 170/8, 172/8, 173/8, 174/8, 184/8, 192/8, 198/8, 199/8, 204/8, 205/8, 206/8, 207/8, 208/8, 209/8, 214/8, 215/8, 216/8, RIPE Region Analysis Summary ---------------------------- Prefixes being announced by RIPE Region ASes: 283581 Total RIPE prefixes after maximum aggregation: 140272 RIPE Deaggregation factor: 2.02 Prefixes being announced from the RIPE address blocks: 285867 Unique aggregates announced from the RIPE address blocks: 185545 RIPE Region origin ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 29178 RIPE Prefixes per ASN: 9.80 RIPE Region origin ASes announcing only one prefix: 12097 RIPE Region transit ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 3972 Average RIPE Region AS path length visible: 4.8 Max RIPE Region AS path length visible: 209 Number of RIPE region 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 12998 Number of RIPE addresses announced to Internet: 733706112 Equivalent to 43 /8s, 187 /16s and 119 /24s RIPE AS Blocks 1877-1901, 2043, 2047, 2107-2136, 2585-2614 (pre-ERX allocations) 2773-2822, 2830-2879, 3154-3353, 5377-5631 6656-6911, 8192-9215, 12288-13311, 15360-16383 20480-21503, 24576-25599, 28672-29695 30720-31743, 33792-35839, 38912-39935 40960-45055, 47104-52223, 56320-58367 59392-61439, 61952-62463, 64396-64495 196608-216475 RIPE Address Blocks 2/8, 5/8, 25/8, 31/8, 37/8, 46/8, 51/8, 53/8, 57/8, 62/8, 77/8, 78/8, 79/8, 80/8, 81/8, 82/8, 83/8, 84/8, 85/8, 86/8, 87/8, 88/8, 89/8, 90/8, 91/8, 92/8, 93/8, 94/8, 95/8, 109/8, 141/8, 145/8, 151/8, 176/8, 178/8, 185/8, 188/8, 193/8, 194/8, 195/8, 212/8, 213/8, 217/8, LACNIC Region Analysis Summary ------------------------------ Prefixes being announced by LACNIC Region ASes: 126506 Total LACNIC prefixes after maximum aggregation: 30293 LACNIC Deaggregation factor: 4.18 Prefixes being announced from the LACNIC address blocks: 122349 Unique aggregates announced from the LACNIC address blocks: 49546 LACNIC Region origin ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 11353 LACNIC Prefixes per ASN: 10.78 LACNIC Region origin ASes announcing only one prefix: 2675 LACNIC Region transit ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 2533 Average LACNIC Region AS path length visible: 5.4 Max LACNIC Region AS path length visible: 69 Number of LACNIC region 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 9358 Number of LACNIC addresses announced to Internet: 170917376 Equivalent to 10 /8s, 47 /16s and 254 /24s LACNIC AS Blocks 26592-26623, 27648-28671, 52224-53247, 61440-61951, 64099-64197, 262144-275868 + ERX transfers LACNIC Address Blocks 177/8, 179/8, 181/8, 186/8, 187/8, 189/8, 190/8, 191/8, 200/8, 201/8, AfriNIC Region Analysis Summary ------------------------------- Prefixes being announced by AfriNIC Region ASes: 36592 Total AfriNIC prefixes after maximum aggregation: 6929 AfriNIC Deaggregation factor: 5.28 Prefixes being announced from the AfriNIC address blocks: 52973 Unique aggregates announced from the AfriNIC address blocks: 19380 AfriNIC Region origin ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 2016 AfriNIC Prefixes per ASN: 26.28 AfriNIC Region origin ASes announcing only one prefix: 738 AfriNIC Region transit ASes present in the Internet Routing Table: 394 Average AfriNIC Region AS path length visible: 5.3 Max AfriNIC Region AS path length visible: 53 Number of AfriNIC region 32-bit ASNs visible in the Routing Table: 1381 Number of AfriNIC addresses announced to Internet: 103350016 Equivalent to 6 /8s, 40 /16s and 255 /24s AfriNIC AS Blocks 36864-37887, 327680-329727 & ERX transfers AfriNIC Address Blocks 41/8, 102/8, 105/8, 154/8, 196/8, 197/8, APNIC Region per AS prefix count summary ---------------------------------------- ASN No of nets /20 equiv MaxAgg Description 9808 13773 8945 105 CHINAMOBILE-CN China Mobile Communication 7545 6005 831 555 TPG-INTERNET-AP TPG Telecom Limited, AU 4538 5022 4193 77 ERX-CERNET-BKB China Education and Resear 9498 4766 545 337 BBIL-AP BHARTI Airtel Ltd., IN 7552 4060 1332 29 VIETEL-AS-AP Viettel Group, VN 7713 3698 1044 68 TELKOMNET-AS-AP PT Telekomunikasi Indones 56046 3425 831 184 CMNET-JIANGSU-AP China Mobile communicati 45899 3333 1868 98 VNPT-AS-VN VNPT Corp, VN 24560 2972 865 498 AIRTELBROADBAND-AS-AP Bharti Airtel Ltd., 17561 2732 171 532 LCS-AS-AP LARUS Limited, HK Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-ASnet-APNIC ARIN Region per AS prefix count summary --------------------------------------- ASN No of nets /20 equiv MaxAgg Description 16509 14136 38821 5521 AMAZON-02 - Amazon.com, Inc., US 22773 4777 3114 364 ASN-CXA-ALL-CCI-22773-RDC - Cox Communica 11492 4636 308 1023 CABLEONE - CABLE ONE, INC., US 7155 3861 286 85 VIASAT-SP-BACKBONE - ViaSat,Inc., US 174 3747 8769 861 COGENT-174 - Cogent Communications, LLC, 6327 3699 1321 71 SHAW - Shaw Communications, CA 396982 3308 4856 485 GOOGLE-CLOUD-PLATFORM - Google LLC, US 749 3142 54728 2393 DNIC-AS-00749 - United States Department 16625 2790 1198 2121 AKAMAI-AS - Akamai Technologies, Inc., US 36352 2696 221 889 AS-COLOCROSSING - HostPapa, US Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-ASnet-ARIN RIPE Region per AS prefix count summary --------------------------------------- ASN No of nets /20 equiv MaxAgg Description 12479 7240 1711 149 UNI2-AS, ES 39891 4969 306 72 ALJAWWALSTC-AS, SA 9009 3897 365 2228 M247, RO 20940 3823 3393 110 AKAMAI-ASN1, NL 12389 3173 2318 869 ROSTELECOM-AS PJSC Rostelecom. Technical 212238 2572 184 1871 CDNEXT, GB 34984 2434 366 578 TELLCOM-AS, TR 8452 1720 1852 14 TE-AS TE-AS, EG 13188 1607 100 27 TRIOLAN, UA 203020 1587 241 768 HOSTROYALE, IN Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-ASnet-RIPE LACNIC Region per AS prefix count summary ----------------------------------------- ASN No of nets /20 equiv MaxAgg Description 8151 12716 3286 607 UNINET, MX 10620 3444 457 1106 Telmex Colombia S.A., CO 13999 2478 506 350 Mega Cable, S.A. de C.V., MX 11830 1990 369 65 Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad y 11664 1414 278 33 Techtel LMDS Comunicaciones Interactivas 28573 1375 2430 272 Claro NXT Telecomunicacoes Ltda, BR 3816 1342 770 213 COLOMBIA TELECOMUNICACIONES S.A. ESP BIC, 6147 1257 371 22 INTEGRATEL PERU S.A.A., PE 22884 1055 67 358 TOTAL PLAY TELECOMUNICACIONES SA DE CV, M 26615 1020 2486 57 TIM SA, BR Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-ASnet-LACNIC AfriNIC Region per AS prefix count summary ------------------------------------------ ASN No of nets /20 equiv MaxAgg Description 24835 1983 646 33 RAYA-AS, EG 36992 1844 1532 338 ETISALAT-MISR, EG 24863 1283 389 16 LINKdotNET-AS, EG 36903 1232 555 98 MT-MPLS, MA 36935 1164 521 44 Vodafone-, EG 37069 1117 1112 11 MOBINIL, EG 29571 1070 78 20 ORANGE-COTE-IVOIRE, CI 328608 606 49 172 Africa-on-Cloud-AS, ZA 20011 580 154 212 NTT-DATA-Inc, ZA 36914 564 82 3 KENET-AS, KE Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-ASnet-AFRINIC Global Per AS prefix count summary ---------------------------------- ASN No of nets /20 equiv MaxAgg Description 16509 14136 38821 5521 AMAZON-02 - Amazon.com, Inc., US 9808 13773 8945 105 CHINAMOBILE-CN China Mobile Communication 8151 12716 3286 607 UNINET, MX 12479 7240 1711 149 UNI2-AS, ES 7545 6005 831 555 TPG-INTERNET-AP TPG Telecom Limited, AU 4538 5022 4193 77 ERX-CERNET-BKB China Education and Resear 39891 4969 306 72 ALJAWWALSTC-AS, SA 22773 4777 3114 364 ASN-CXA-ALL-CCI-22773-RDC - Cox Communica 9498 4766 545 337 BBIL-AP BHARTI Airtel Ltd., IN 11492 4636 308 1023 CABLEONE - CABLE ONE, INC., US Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-ASnet Global Per AS Maximum Aggregation summary ----------------------------------------- ASN No of nets Net Savings Description 9808 13773 13668 CHINAMOBILE-CN China Mobile Communications Grou 8151 12716 12109 UNINET, MX 12479 7240 7091 UNI2-AS, ES 7545 6005 5450 TPG-INTERNET-AP TPG Telecom Limited, AU 4538 5022 4945 ERX-CERNET-BKB China Education and Research Net 39891 4969 4897 ALJAWWALSTC-AS, SA 9498 4766 4429 BBIL-AP BHARTI Airtel Ltd., IN 22773 4777 4413 ASN-CXA-ALL-CCI-22773-RDC - Cox Communications 7552 4060 4031 VIETEL-AS-AP Viettel Group, VN 7155 3861 3776 VIASAT-SP-BACKBONE - ViaSat,Inc., US Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-CIDRnet List of Unregistered Origin ASNs (Global) ----------------------------------------- Bad AS Designation Net Originated Transit AS Transit AS Name 393266 UNALLOCATED 8.23.52.0/24 46887 CROWNCASTLE-AS46887 - C 396894 UNALLOCATED 8.28.201.0/24 3356 LEVEL3 - Level 3 Parent 394936 UNALLOCATED 8.33.224.0/24 22442 HOU-PHONOSCOPE - Phonos 395195 UNALLOCATED 8.38.115.0/24 3356 LEVEL3 - Level 3 Parent 1782 UNALLOCATED 8.42.19.0/24 3356 LEVEL3 - Level 3 Parent 13342 UNALLOCATED 12.17.5.0/24 174 COGENT-174 - Cogent Com 26345 UNALLOCATED 12.21.93.0/24 40264 TWC-40264-WI-MN-UPPERMI 396831 UNALLOCATED 12.23.198.0/24 7018 ATT-INTERNET4 - AT&T En 395476 UNALLOCATED 12.36.194.0/24 7018 ATT-INTERNET4 - AT&T En 395476 UNALLOCATED 12.36.195.0/24 3356 LEVEL3 - Level 3 Parent Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-badAS Prefixes from the Special Purpose Address Registry (Global) ----------------------------------------------------------- Prefix Origin AS Description 192.88.99.0/24 6939 HURRICANE - Hurricane Electric LLC, US Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-spar Advertised Unallocated Addresses -------------------------------- Unassigned Network ASN Information AS Name 23.137.48.0/24 Origin: 16904 ARVIG-16904 - Arvig Enterprises Inc., US 23.137.48.0/24 Transit: 3257 GTT-BACKBONE GTT, US 23.137.200.0/24 Origin: 16276 OVH, FR 23.137.200.0/24 Transit: 2516 KDDI KDDI CORPORATION, JP 23.140.216.0/24 Origin: 27176 DATAWAGON - DataWagon LLC, US 23.140.216.0/24 Transit: 20278 NEXEON - Nexeon Technologies, Inc., US 23.141.0.0/24 Origin: 395350 RESERVED, ZZ 23.141.0.0/24 Transit: 11426 TWC-11426-CAROLINAS - Charter Communicat 23.142.24.0/24 Origin: 62164 HEYMMAN-2, CA 23.142.24.0/24 Transit: 64236 UNREAL-SERVERS - UnReal Servers, LLC, US Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-add-IANA Number of prefixes announced per prefix length (Global) ------------------------------------------------------- /1:0 /2:0 /3:0 /4:0 /5:0 /6:0 /7:0 /8:16 /9:14 /10:40 /11:92 /12:302 /13:580 /14:1196 /15:2088 /16:13698 /17:8339 /18:13607 /19:25108 /20:46043 /21:52764 /22:113853 /23:106493 /24:646658 /25:686 /26:0 /27:0 /28:0 /29:0 /30:0 /31:0 /32:0 Advertised prefixes smaller than registry allocations ----------------------------------------------------- ASN No of nets Total ann. Description 8151 6884 12716 UNINET, MX 12479 6168 7240 UNI2-AS, ES 39891 3655 4969 ALJAWWALSTC-AS, SA 11492 3496 4636 CABLEONE - CABLE ONE, INC., US 6327 3479 3699 SHAW - Shaw Communications, CA 22773 3050 4777 ASN-CXA-ALL-CCI-22773-RDC - Cox Communications Inc., US 7155 2820 3861 VIASAT-SP-BACKBONE - ViaSat,Inc., US 16509 2522 14136 AMAZON-02 - Amazon.com, Inc., US 30036 2311 2656 MEDIACOM-ENTERPRISE-BUSINESS - Mediacom Communications Corp, US 10620 2224 3444 Telmex Colombia S.A., CO Complete listing at https://thyme.apnic.net/current/data-sXXas-nos Number of /24s announced per /8 block (Global) ---------------------------------------------- 1:1827 2:1532 3:983 4:9 5:5051 6:187 7:6 8:1530 9:22 11:172 12:1228 13:618 14:2680 15:420 16:182 17:395 18:919 20:597 21:4 22:188 23:8150 24:2626 25:2 27:2754 29:19 31:3437 32:32 34:81 35:293 36:4633 37:4487 38:10430 39:1265 40:436 41:4573 42:892 43:2938 44:418 45:19731 46:4933 47:404 48:38 49:2197 50:2064 51:599 52:1258 54:241 55:1113 56:11 57:317 58:2226 59:1432 60:1174 61:3115 62:3113 63:1771 64:6205 65:2121 66:6034 67:3255 68:1489 69:4191 70:1052 71:614 72:3082 74:2975 75:1509 76:587 77:2759 78:1927 79:1801 80:2339 81:2183 82:4027 83:1464 84:2043 85:3791 86:1107 87:2396 88:1347 89:4671 90:819 91:8400 92:2853 93:3000 94:4306 95:4567 96:1448 97:314 98:947 99:782 100:69 101:1342 102:4423 103:32284 104:5474 105:788 106:920 107:2845 108:1233 109:4192 110:2306 111:4156 112:3150 113:1695 114:2177 115:2179 116:2173 117:3420 118:2407 119:2101 120:2701 121:1575 122:2965 123:2330 124:1694 125:2992 126:125 128:1669 129:947 130:1592 131:2347 132:779 133:461 134:1633 135:558 136:1633 137:1404 138:2999 139:1612 140:1841 141:1570 142:2469 143:2198 144:1658 145:625 146:2205 147:2271 148:2784 149:2983 150:1320 151:2696 152:2286 153:917 154:9460 155:2302 156:4534 157:2235 158:1508 159:2769 160:3710 161:1975 162:4047 163:2344 164:2021 165:2636 166:1291 167:2234 168:3975 169:913 170:5498 171:1115 172:4570 173:3435 174:893 175:1340 176:3793 177:4760 178:4396 179:2295 180:2956 181:4407 182:3931 183:2609 184:1994 185:21694 186:5564 187:4893 188:4549 189:4488 190:9750 191:1530 192:11507 193:9512 194:7820 195:5671 196:3259 197:3232 198:6258 199:6118 200:8203 201:6406 202:10795 203:10547 204:4747 205:3787 206:4466 207:3977 208:4366 209:5464 210:4999 211:2785 212:4987 213:4061 214:1068 215:54 216:7118 217:3481 218:1734 219:594 220:2195 221:1314 222:1073 223:3315 End of report

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DSCP-45 - from Zayo, Hurricane Electric, Lumen
by Livingood, Jason 06 Feb '26

06 Feb '26

In support of IETF L4S and NQB dual queue low latency standards, Comcast (and other networks) have been actively deploying this technology. L4S uses ECN marks and, since ECN is rarely modified in packet headers, this generally works find across domain boundaries. The more challenging one is NQB, since this is predicated on the DSCP-45 mark crossing domain boundaries - and as I think we all know, network domains all implement DSCP differently and so tend to remark DSCP on ingress. Thus, to support NQB, a network will allow DSCP-45 at ingress and classify the traffic as best effort (like default internet traffic). Comcast has done so and we have >10M homes with dual queue (aka Low Latency DOCSIS, a DOCSIS implementation of L4S and NQB). The volume of DSCP-45 traffic is beginning to grow, so we have started to look at traffic sources as we quantify improvements in application quality of experience (e.g., lower loaded latency and lower jitter). Apart from the expected sources we have observed double digit Mbps (far <1% of DSCP-45 volume) - from Zayo, Hurricane Electric, and Lumen. If you run one of those networks, you may want to look at the source of DSCP-45 traffic to ensure your DSCP policies are squared away. Feel free to ping me for more information if you have any questions. Thanks Jason For more info: 1. TSV NQB draft is in the publishing queue (https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tsvwg-nqb/) 2. In support of this, IANA have entered DSCP code point 45 into their registry (https://www.iana.org/assignments/dscp-registry/dscp-registry.xhtml)

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Anyone from Cloudflare
by John Sweeting 05 Feb '26

05 Feb '26

Hi If there is anyone from Cloudflare reading this please reach out to me asap. It’s important we reach someone there. Thanks, John S. Sent from my iPhone

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NANOG 96 - Where to Watch + Community Meeting, Pickleball + SF Fun Facts!
by Nanog News 30 Jan '26

30 Jan '26

*** NANOG 96 - Where to Watch* ------------------------------------------------------------ *Whether you’re Joining us in San Francisco or Tuning in from Anywhere in the World, N96 is Easy to Watch Live* *In-Person Attendees* You must be signed in to view the webcast. Consult the daily agenda to master the art of being in two places at once. *Virtual Attendees* Can’t make it to San Francisco? No problem. Registered virtual attendees can stream sessions live via the NANOG online platform, accessible through your NANOG account. Log in, grab your coffee, and join the conversation in real time. *Pro tip: *Live sessions mean live Q&A. Bring your questions. The Internet was built by people who asked good ones. *WHERE TO WATCH* (https://nanog.org/events/nanog-96/watch-n96-webcast/) *** Stay in the Know: Don't Miss the N96 Community Meeting!* ------------------------------------------------------------ *Join Us Monday at 2:45 pm in the Grand Ballroom* This is your opportunity to hear about what is happening within the NANOG organization and the various NANOG Committees. *** NANOG 96 is Active* ------------------------------------------------------------ *Stimulate Your Brain by Moving Your Body!* Get moving with NANOG next week during the conference! 🏃‍♂️🎾🧘‍♀️ *• Run Club: *6:45–7:45 am. Meet by the large sponsor banner in Grand Ballroom Foyer. Depending on how many show up, we might have a couple of groups at different paces and distances. Typically, we have one group aiming for 3 miles (5 km) in 30 mins. *• Pickleball: *7 am @ East Cut Crossing. Games will start at 7 am. Meet in the hotel lobby at 6:45 am, or at the courts at 7 am. *• Yoga:* 7:30–8:15 am (mats provided)! Meet in Pacific M on the Pacific Concourse Level of the Hyatt. *Specific meeting locations and details are located on the daily agenda.* *AGENDA* (https://nanog.org/events/nanog-96/agenda/) *** Fun Facts About San Francisco, Home of NANOG 96 Location!* ------------------------------------------------------------ *Attendee Icebreakers & Fun Facts About Our NANOG Host City* Here are some fun facts that may surprise even the most seasoned San Francisco visitor. Go ahead, introduce yourself to another NANOG attendee with a fun fact about the city. These tidbits of knowledge are much more intriguing than talking about the weather. *READ MORE* ( https://nanog.org/stories/nanog-96-san-francisco-fun-facts-about-our-next-n… ) *** Stay Connected* ------------------------------------------------------------ http://www.facebook.com http://www.instagram.com/nanog_org/ http://www.linkedin.com/company/nanog/ https://www.twitter.com/nanog/ http://nanog.org

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