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Re: Where is the edge of the Internet? Re: no ip forged-source-address
by bdragon＠gweep.net 07 Nov '02

07 Nov '02

> > I'm opposed to some of the suggestions where to put source address > > filters, especially placing them in "non-edge" locations. E.g. requiring > > address filters at US border crossings is a *bad* idea, worthy of an > > official visit from the bad idea fairy. > > What is bad about filtering facing non-customers, if loose rpf is > used? I'm assuming this is what you mean by "border crossings" rather than > the literal. > > --------->makes sense on the edge/aggregation but if you do it further up in > the network.....there maybe some cases where we have assymetric routing, > where the path of uplink is never the path the same as the downlink, and > infact the source network of the packet may never be present in the routing > table....(it is possible, after all its a packet switched network and the > routing is destination IP based) ... Right, which is why I specifically mentioned loose rpf, vs. strict rpf. Even further up the customer chain, you'll still have a list of customer networks (assuming folks are doing the right thing by filtering customer bgp announcements) which could be used as an input to strict rpf.

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IP Address Allocations in Germany
by Gawie Marais (Home) 07 Nov '02

07 Nov '02

Hi, This is a long shot, but I'm hoping someone can help me out here... I was wondering if it would be possible to purchase an entire Class C address range for use in Germany. I have a Infrastructure company based in south africa that is looking to connect some 80 sites throughout Germany onto the Internet. At this stage I'm not quite sure exactly what and how they are going to do it but I received a request from them to try and locate an entire class c for them. Any suggestions on how to go about doing this ?? Regards, Gawie J Marais Technical Member inX - Internet eXchange SA Tel: +27 11 956 6935 Fax: +27 11 956 6851 Mail: gawie(a)inx.co.za Web: http://www.inx.co.za/

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Internet Measurement Workshop
by Steve Bellovin 07 Nov '02

07 Nov '02

Let me point folk at the Internet Measurement Workshop: http://www.icir.org/vern/imw-2002/ including especially the link to the online proceedings. A fair number of the papers have a lot of operational relevance. --Steve Bellovin, http://www.research.att.com/~smb (me) http://www.wilyhacker.com ("Firewalls" book)

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some light reading on complexity and the internet
by David Meyer 07 Nov '02

07 Nov '02

Many people have asked me to put the references from my complexity panel talk up somewhere. You can find some of the relevant literature on http://www.maoz.com/~dmm/complexity_and_the_internet I will try to keep this up to date, and please let me know if there are other documents that I should have here. Thanks, Dave

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Re: DNS timeline corrections
by Hank Nussbacher 07 Nov '02

07 Nov '02

At 09:54 PM 06-11-02 -0500, Sean Donelan wrote: One that you missed is the date certain ccTLDs were added (for example, first non-US based domain was UK in July 1985). Below is something I had on file from 1999 which was sent by Elisabeth PORTENEUVE <Elisabeth.PORTENEUVE(a)cetp.ipsl.fr> to the wwtld(a)ripe.net list: 239 ccTLDs in chronological order of Top Level Domain creation as recorded at the Internic, rs.internic.net. Missing information for .FI (Finland) set to 880101. Erroneus information for .CL (Chile) set to 880101 (should be in 87). YYMMDD Region HANDLE Country 850215 NorthA_ US-DOM United States of America 850724 Europe_ UK-DOM United Kingdom of Great Britain 851024 AsiaPac IL-DOM Israel (State of) 860305 AsiaPac AU-DOM Australia 860425 Europe_ NL-DOM Netherlands 860805 AsiaPac JP-DOM Japan 860902 Europe_ FR-DOM France 860904 Europe_ SE-DOM Sweden (Kingdom of) 860929 AsiaPac KR-DOM Korea (Republic of) 861105 Europe_ DE-DOM Germany (Federal Republic of) 870119 AsiaPac NZ-DOM New Zealand 870317 Europe_ NO-DOM Norway (Kingdom of) 870514 NorthA_ CA-DOM Canada 870520 Europe_ CH-DOM Switzerland (Swiss Confederation) 870608 AsiaPac MY-DOM Malaysia top level domain (MY-DOM) 870714 Europe_ DK-DOM Denmark (Kingdom of) 870923 LatinAC AR-DOM Argentina (Argentine Republic) 871118 Europe_ IS-DOM Iceland (Republic of) 871223 Europe_ IT-DOM Italy 880101 LatinAC CL-DOM Chile (Republic of) 880101 Europe_ FI-DOM Finland 880120 Europe_ AT-DOM Austria (Republic of) 880127 Europe_ IE-DOM Ireland 880414 Europe_ ES-DOM Spain 880630 Europe_ PT-DOM Portugal (Portuguese Republic) 880805 Europe_ BE-DOM Belgium (Kingdom of) 880907 AsiaPac TH-DOM Thailand (Kingdom of) 881019 AsiaPac SG-DOM Singapore (Republic of) 890201 LatinAC MX-DOM Mexico (United Mexican States) 890219 Europe_ GR-DOM Greece (Hellenic Republic) 890418 LatinAC BR-DOM Brazil (Federative Republic of) 890508 AsiaPac IN-DOM India (Republic of) 890615 Europe_ YU2-DOM Yugoslavia (Federal Republic of) 890731 AsiaPac TW-DOM Taiwan 890827 LatinAC PR-DOM Puerto Rico 891013 LatinAC NI-DOM Nicaragua (Republic of) 900103 AsiaPac HK-DOM Hong Kong (Hisiangkang, Xianggang) 900615 AsiaPac LK-DOM Sri Lanka (Democratic Socialist Republic of) 900730 Europe_ PL-DOM Poland (Republic of) 900910 LatinAC CR-DOM Costa Rica (Republic of) 900910 LatinAC UY-DOM Uruguay (Eastern Republic of) 900914 AsiaPac PH-DOM Philippines (Republic of the) 900917 AsiaPac TR-DOM Turkey (Republic of) 901107 Europe_ HU-DOM Hungary (Republic of) 901107 Africa_ ZA-DOM South Africa (Republic of) 901128 AsiaPac CN-DOM China (People's Republic of) 901130 Africa_ EG-DOM Egypt (Arab Republic of) 910201 LatinAC EC-DOM Ecuador (Republic of) 910226 LatinAC BO-DOM Bolivia (Republic of) 910307 LatinAC VE-DOM Venezuela (Republic of) 910508 Africa_ NA-DOM Namibia (Republic of) 910517 Africa_ TN-DOM Tunisia 910825 LatinAC DO-DOM Dominican Republic 910903 LatinAC AG-DOM1 Antigua and Barbuda 910903 LatinAC BB-DOM Barbados 910903 NorthA_ BS-DOM Bahamas (Commonwealth of the) 910903 LatinAC BZ-DOM Belize 910903 LatinAC DM-DOM1 Dominica (Commonwealth of) 910903 LatinAC KN-DOM Saint Kitts & Nevis 910903 LatinAC LC-DOM Saint Lucia 910903 LatinAC SR-DOM1 Suriname 910903 LatinAC TT-DOM Trinidad & Tobago (Republic of) 910903 LatinAC VC-DOM Saint Vincent & the Grenadines 910909 LatinAC PY-DOM Paraguay (Republic of) 910924 LatinAC JM-DOM Jamaica 910926 AsiaPac PG-DOM Papua New Guinea 911106 Africa_ ZW-DOM Zimbabwe (Republic of) 911125 LatinAC PE-DOM Peru (Republic of) 911224 LatinAC CO1-DOM Colombia (Republic of) 920226 ZoneSpe AQ-DOM Antarctica 920401 Europe_ SI1-DOM Slovenia 920421 Europe_ AL-DOM Albania (Republic of) 920603 LatinAC CU-DOM Cuba (Republic of) 920603 Europe_ EE-DOM Estonia (Republic of) 920603 AsiaPac FJ-DOM Fiji (Republic of) 920603 LatinAC GD1-DOM Grenada (Republic of) 920603 Europe_ LT-DOM Lithuania (Republic of) 920603 AsiaPac PK-DOM Pakistan (Islamic Republic of) 920814 LatinAC GT-DOM Guatemala (Republic of) 920904 Africa_ MZ-DOM Mozambique (People's Republic of) 920917 AsiaPac MO-DOM Macau 921026 AsiaPac KW-DOM Kuwait (State of) 921201 AsiaPac AE1-DOM United Arab Emirates 921201 Europe_ UA1-DOM Ukraine 921202 Europe_ GE1-DOM Georgia (Republic of) 921202 Europe_ MT1-DOM Malta (Republic of) 930113 Europe_ CZ-DOM Czech Republic 930113 Africa_ LS1-DOM Lesotho (Kingdom of) 930226 Europe_ LI-DOM Liechtenstein (Principality of) 930226 Europe_ RO-DOM Romania 930227 Europe_ HR-DOM Croatia Hrvatska (Republic of) 930227 AsiaPac ID1-DOM Indonesia 930319 Africa_ BW-DOM Botswana (Republic of) 930319 Africa_ SN-DOM Senegal (Republic of) 930329 Africa_ BF-DOM Burkina Faso 930329 Europe_ SK-DOM Slovakia 930331 NorthA_ BM-DOM Bermuda 930416 LatinAC HN-DOM Honduras (Republic of) 930429 Africa_ KE-DOM Kenya (Republic of) 930429 Europe_ LV-DOM Latvia (Republic of) 930514 Europe_ FO-DOM Faroe Islands 930719 Africa_ SZ-DOM Swaziland (Kingdom of) 930825 Europe_ AZ-DOM Azerbaijan 930825 AsiaPac LB-DOM Lebanon (Lebanese Republic) 930909 LatinAC AN2-DOM Netherlands Antilles 930923 Europe_ MK2-DOM Macedonia (The former Yugoslav Republic of) 930929 Africa_ ML2-DOM Mali (Republic of) 931013 AsiaPac NC2-DOM New Caledonia (Nouvelle Caledonie) 931126 Africa_ MA2-DOM Morocco (Kingdom of) 940103 Africa_ DZ-DOM Algeria (People's Democratic Republic of) 940201 AsiaPac BH-DOM Bahrain (State of) 940324 Europe_ MD3-DOM Moldova (Republic of) 940325 Africa_ ZM-DOM Zambia (Republic of) 940406 AsiaPac IR2-DOM Iran (Islamic Republic of) 940407 Europe_ RU-DOM Russia (Russian Federation) 940408 Europe_ GL2-DOM Greenland 940414 AsiaPac VN-DOM Vietnam (Socialist Republic of) 940415 AsiaPac GU-DOM Guam 940419 AsiaPac SB2-DOM Solomon Islands 940510 Europe_ BY-DOM Belarus 940517 AsiaPac SA3-DOM Saudi Arabia (Kingdom of) 940525 LatinAC PA3-DOM Panama (Republic of) 940603 AsiaPac BN3-DOM Brunei 940726 Europe_ CY-DOM Cyprus (Republic of) 940809 Africa_ GN2-DOM Guinea (Republic of) 940826 Europe_ AM2-DOM Armenia 940913 LatinAC GY-DOM Guyana Top-level Domain 940919 AsiaPac KZ-DOM Kazakhstan Top-level Domain 941104 LatinAC SV2-DOM El Salvador 941123 AsiaPac JO2-DOM Jordan (The Hashemite Kingdom of) 941212 Africa_ GA3-DOM Gabon (Republic of) 950103 Europe_ BG-DOM Bulgaria top level domain (BG-DOM) 950119 Africa_ GH2-DOM Ghana 950120 Europe_ MC6-DOM Monaco (Principality of) 950125 AsiaPac NP3-DOM Nepal 950127 Europe_ LU1-DOM Luxembourg (Grand Duchy of) 950214 Africa_ CI3-DOM Cote d'Ivoire (Republic of) 950216 LatinAC AI3-DOM Anguilla 950302 AsiaPac MN3-DOM Mongolia 950308 Africa_ UG-DOM Uganda (Republic of) 950315 Africa_ NG2-DOM Nigeria 950410 AsiaPac VU-DOM Vanuatu 950419 AsiaPac FM2-DOM Micronesia (Federated States of) 950419 AsiaPac KI2-DOM Kiribati 950429 Africa_ CM2-DOM Cameroon 950429 AsiaPac UZ-DOM Uzbekistan 950503 LatinAC KY-DOM Cayman Islands 950712 AsiaPac KG2-DOM Kyrgyzstan (Republic of) 950714 Africa_ TZ2-DOM Tanzania (United Republic of) 950714 AsiaPac WS3-DOM Samoa 950725 Africa_ MG2-DOM Madagascar 950808 AsiaPac CK3-DOM Cook Islands 950816 Europe_ SM4-DOM San Marino (Republic of) 950831 LatinAC VI4-DOM Virgin Islands (US) 950911 Europe_ VA4-DOM Vatican City State 951006 Africa_ MU3-DOM Mauritius 951015 Africa_ ET3-DOM Ethiopia (Democratic Federal Republic of) 951115 Africa_ AO4-DOM Angola (Republic of) 951205 Europe_ GI3-DOM Gibraltar 951218 AsiaPac TO5-DOM Tonga 960109 Europe_ AD7-DOM Andorra 960118 Africa_ BJ3-DOM Benin (Republic of) 960220 LatinAC AW4-DOM Aruba 960220 AsiaPac KH2-DOM Cambodia 960220 AsiaPac SY2-DOM Syria (Syrian Arab Republic) 960318 AsiaPac NF3-DOM Norfolk Island 960318 AsiaPac TV17-DOM Tuvalu 960319 AsiaPac PF4-DOM French Polynesia 960411 AsiaPac OM6-DOM Oman (Sultanate of) 960424 Africa_ CF4-DOM Central African Republic 960424 Africa_ MR3-DOM Mauritania top level domain (MR3-DOM) 960424 Africa_ NE5-DOM Niger 960514 AsiaPac LA7-DOM Lao People's Democratic Republic 960522 Africa_ DJ2-DOM Djibouti 960612 AsiaPac QA3-DOM Qatar 960725 LatinAC GF3-DOM French Guiana 960807 Europe_ GG3-DOM Guernsey (Channel Islands, Bailiwick of) 960808 Europe_ JE2-DOM Jersey (Channel Islands, Bailiwick of) 960814 Europe_ BA6-DOM Bosnia-Hercegovina 960816 AsiaPac MH3-DOM Marshall Islands (Republic of the) 960819 AsiaPac YE2-DOM Yemen 960905 Africa_ TG5-DOM Togo (Republic of) 960911 Europe_ IM6-DOM Isle of Man 960924 Africa_ ER4-DOM Eritrea 960925 AsiaPac MV4-DOM Maldives (Republic of) 961021 Africa_ BI4-DOM Burundi (Republic of) 961021 Africa_ CV8-DOM Cape Verde 961021 LatinAC GP4-DOM Guadaloupe 961021 Africa_ RW6-DOM Rwanda (Republic of) 961022 AsiaPac MP7-DOM Northern Mariana Islands 970103 Africa_ MW5-DOM Malawi 970114 Africa_ CG6-DOM Congo (Republic of) 970127 NorthA_ TC13-DOM Turks and Caicos Islands 970204 Africa_ GW8-DOM Guinea-Bissau 970204 AsiaPac MM12-DOM Myanmar 970220 LatinAC VG4-DOM Virgin Islands (British) 970306 LatinAC HT6-DOM Haiti 970306 LatinAC MS13-DOM Montserrat 970306 Africa_ SD18-DOM Sudan 970326 LatinAC FK3-DOM Falkland Islands 970328 Africa_ GM6-DOM Gambia 970328 LatinAC MQ5-DOM Martinique 970407 Africa_ RE12-DOM French Reunion Island 970409 Africa_ LR6-DOM Liberia 970423 Africa_ LY4-DOM Libya 970424 AsiaPac CX11-DOM Christmas Island 970509 AsiaPac IQ11-DOM Iraq 970509 Africa_ SC24-DOM Seychelles 970509 Africa_ SL7-DOM Sierra Leone 970509 AsiaPac TP5-DOM East Timor 970530 AsiaPac TM9-DOM Turkmenistan 970612 AsiaPac AS17-DOM American Samoa 970612 AsiaPac PW8-DOM Palau 970620 AsiaPac NU9-DOM Niue 970710 Africa_ GQ5-DOM Equatorial Guinea 970710 AsiaPac PN5-DOM Pitcairn Island 970716 AsiaPac BT8-DOM Bhutan 970724 AsiaPac HM9-DOM Heard and McDonald Islands 970731 LatinAC GS13-DOM South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands 970820 Africa_ CD27-DOM Congo (The Democratic Republic of the) 970820 NorthA_ PM11-DOM Saint-Pierre and Miquelon 970821 Africa_ BV4-DOM Bouvet Island 970821 Europe_ SJ5-DOM Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands 970826 Africa_ TF13-DOM French Southern Territories 970828 Africa_ SO10-DOM Somalia 970916 AsiaPac IO5-DOM British Indian Ocean Territory 970923 Africa_ SH9-DOM St. Helena 971013 AsiaPac CC24-DOM Cocos (Keeling) Islands 971016 AsiaPac AF12-DOM Afghanistan 971103 Africa_ TD9-DOM Chad Republic 971107 Africa_ ST20-DOM Sao Tome and Principe 971107 AsiaPac TK11-DOM Tokelau Islands 971114 AsiaPac WF7-DOM Wallis and Futuna Islands 971117 Africa_ YT6-DOM Mayotte 971204 AsiaPac UM8-DOM US Minor Outlying Islands 971211 AsiaPac TJ19-DOM Tajikistan 971219 Africa_ AC24-DOM Ascension Island 980330 AsiaPac NR8-DOM Nauru Island 980608 Africa_ KM15-DOM Comoros -Hank >I received some corrective input at the last Nanog meeting concerning some >events on my DNS timeline (http://www.donelan.com/dnstimeline.html) from >people who were there. > >I missed NIC.NORDU.NET as the first root name server outside the USA. >Although I can't identify the precise date it was added to the root >list. I took most of the dates from the namedroppers mailing list >archives. Other corrective input is welcome. > >Also I noticed the change to the root server list on November 5 2002 was >the first root server change since Dr. Postel died. Here is a copy of Dr. >Postel's previous root server change announcement in August 1997 about >bringing up M.Root-Servers.Net in Japan. > >http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.199x/msg02852.html

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DNS timeline corrections
by Sean Donelan 07 Nov '02

07 Nov '02

I received some corrective input at the last Nanog meeting concerning some events on my DNS timeline (http://www.donelan.com/dnstimeline.html) from people who were there. I missed NIC.NORDU.NET as the first root name server outside the USA. Although I can't identify the precise date it was added to the root list. I took most of the dates from the namedroppers mailing list archives. Other corrective input is welcome. Also I noticed the change to the root server list on November 5 2002 was the first root server change since Dr. Postel died. Here is a copy of Dr. Postel's previous root server change announcement in August 1997 about bringing up M.Root-Servers.Net in Japan. http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.199x/msg02852.html

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who can do better ?
by Pascal Gloor 06 Nov '02

06 Nov '02

http://www.ams-ix.com/hugegraph.html That can only be an error, I heard ams-ix got a power outage at the moment... P.

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Fw: who can do better ?
by Pascal Gloor 06 Nov '02

06 Nov '02

FYI ----- Original Message ----- From: "Jurian van der Knaap" <jurian(a)kabelfoon.nl> To: "Pascal Gloor" <pascal.gloor(a)spale.com> Sent: Wednesday, November 06, 2002 10:39 PM Subject: Re: who can do better ? > I can't post to nanog directly, so here's what I know, feel free to repost > it if you want. > > There's been an explosion in a power distribution center in amsterdam, over > half the city is without power, and, as far as I know, the Nikhef building > is competely powerless, Telecity is running on backup generators. Redbus > building seems at least partially up, but the link between Telecity and > Redbut is dead. Power company is working on the problem, but as yet, its a > big mess. > > Jurian > > At 22:30 6-11-2002 +0100, you wrote: > > >http://www.ams-ix.com/hugegraph.html > > > >That can only be an error, I heard ams-ix got a power outage at the > >moment... > > > > > >P. > >

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Important Informational Message - root.zone change
by John Crain 06 Nov '02

06 Nov '02

-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Hash: SHA1 *****PLEASE NOTE***** This is an important Informational Message to the internet community: November 5, 2002, the IP address for J.root-servers.net will change in the authoritative NS set for "dot". The change will be reflected in zone serial # 2002110501. The new set of servers authoritative for "dot" will be: A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 198.41.0.4 H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 128.63.2.53 C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 192.33.4.12 G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 192.112.36.4 F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 192.5.5.241 B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 128.9.0.107 J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 192.58.128.30 K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 193.0.14.129 L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 198.32.64.12 M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 202.12.27.33 I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 192.36.148.17 E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 192.203.230.10 D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 128.8.10.90 This WILL require a change to your root hints file. The new file will be available via anonymous ftp from rs.internic.net:/domain/named.root as well as ftp.internic.net:/doamin/named.root starting 11/5/02 1700UTC (12pm EST/9am PST). Both the new and old j.root-servers.net IP space will provide answers in parallel for the foreseeable future. _________________________________________ John Crain Manager of Technical Operations ICANN/IANA crain(a)icann.org 1AF4 F638 4B2D 3EF2 F9BA 99E4 8D85 69A7 _________________________________________ -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: PGP Personal Security 7.0.3 iQA/AwUBPcb/pdGxp5XUiliSEQJzewCg2sa+RFanZQ9XZa+t0Yif0zKnzhkAoMSa FVW9Q1ekZl49+X1RGPKaHqNy =FZjZ -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----

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Re: Fw: Where is the edge of the Internet?
by Paul Vixie 06 Nov '02

06 Nov '02

> > 1 - Connection Taxonomy > > 1.1. The Internet is a "network of networks", where the component > > networks are called Autonomous Systems (AS), each having a unique AS > > Number (ASN). > > Even if this reflects the original intent of ASNs, it certainly does not fit > current reality. it is (a) accurate to the original definition, and (b) relevant to finding the "edge". everything else you added: > Let's call any set of networks under a unified administrative control > an Autonomous Routing Domain (ARD). ARDs should not be confused with > ASes (an implementation detail). They are distinct for these reasons: > > 1) Most ARDs do not have an ASN -- they are statically routed "at the edge". > 2) Many networks "at the edge" use private ASNs. > 3) Many ARDs share a provider provided ASN -- RFC 2270. > 4) Many ARDs are implemented with multiple ASNs. Internap is probably > an extreme example. But even UUNet's global ARD (AS701, 702, 705 ...) > reflects an implementation choice (one that Sprint does not seem to > follow with 1239, for example). ...is also completely true, and points to a possible need to upgrade the terminology in general use. however, for the purpose of finding the edge, the original (and still officially current) definition of "ASN" will serve.

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