On Friday, January 10, 1997 4:03 AM, Bradley Dunn[SMTP:bradley@dunn.org] wrote: @ On Fri, 10 Jan 1997, Miguel A.L. Paraz wrote: @ @ > Bradley Dunn wrote: @ > > Is anyone currently aggregating at the continental boundary? @ > @ > Like, how? There isn't a single continent served by a only one provider, @ > with the possible exception of Antarctica. :) @ @ Each continent is served by only one registry, correct? @ It seems to me that there is a flaw in the way the IPv4 address space is viewed with respect to registries. Rather than try to decide what is an ISP or an upstream provider or for that matter a registry, would it not be easier to just agree that... "Anyone or any organiztion who has been allocated a continguous block of IPv4 addresses with at least 16 bits of variable bits is considered to be a *registry* for that block and all addresses in that block. Those addresses can be loaned or leased as that *registry* sees fit subject to the terms and conditions of any agreements that organization may have with one or more superior registries whom allocated the block from a larger continguous block." It seems to me that it is a historic fact and a historic mistake that IP addresses have been allocated to many types of organizations without those organizations understanding the *registry* duties that go with such an allocation. For example. companies that have been allocated a /8 should be encouraged to be registries for that /8 or to pass the block to a company that *is* willing to perform registry services for the block. Registry services consist of: Operation of a IN-ADDR.ARPA Name Server Maintenance of Global IN-ADDR.ARPA Records Registry to Registry Coordination Network Engineering Assistance Routing Agreement Negotiations General Clerical Matters of Registries Registry services have nothing to do with being an NSP, an ISP, an IAP, an IPP, a webmaster, a geek, a guru, or a god. If somehow, IPv4 addresses can be placed in the hands of *registries* then the Internet can get on with the business of cleaning up the address space. In many cases, the same organization that currently claims "ownership" of an IPv4 address block could be considered to be a registry, but there should be a recognition that the registry services are separate from the other missions and operations of the organization. Also, the block of IP addresses that more or less defines a registry, should stay with the registry. The registry can of course be sold or consolidated with a larger registry, but the registry function for that block could remain as an autonimous entity. As food for thought, I have included some notes on how registries can be organized in a hierarchy. Even though registries do not necessarily allocate on octet (byte) boundaries, they could be organized on those boundaries for administrative and revenue flow purposes. The following is only an example, for illustrative purposes. @@@@@@@@@@ IPv8 Registry Revenue Notes @@@@@@@@@@@@ IPv8 addresses are 43 bits. They are 11 (3+8) bits larger than an IPv4 address. This provides two levels of hierarchy above the IPv4 addresses. The 3 bit field is called the Galaxy ID. The 8 bit field is called the Stargate ID. IPv8 addresses with a 0:0:x.x.x.x format are converted IPv4 addresses. IPv4 packets can be viewed as IPv8 packets with an implied 0 in the Galaxy and Stargate fields. =================== 8 Galaxy Registries X:X:x.x.x.x 256 - Stargate Registries per Galaxy X:X:x.x.x.x 256 - Continental Registries per Stargate X:X:X.x.x.x 256 - Island Registries per Continent X:X:X.X.x.x Weighted Sum using double weights downstream 8+512+1024+2048 = 3592 Percentage Calculations 8/3592 = .002227 512/3592 = .142538 1024/3592 = .285077 2048/3592 = .570155 Revenue Percentages to Various Registries 57.0155% to Island Registry 28.5077% to Continental Registry 14.2538% to Stargate Registry 00.2227% to Galaxy Registry ======== EXAMPLE - Based on Lease Rate of $2 per IP Address per Year Typical Class C scenario 256 IP address x $2 - $512/year Gross Revenue from Customer $512 x 57.0155% = $291.919360 to Island Registry $512 x 28.5077% = $145.959424 to Continental Registry $512 x 14.2538% = $41.609601 to Stargate Registry $512 x 00.2227% = $1.14 to Galaxy Registry Theoretical Total Potential Gross Revenues Island Registries handle /16 allocations (16 bit address space to manage) $291.92 x 256 = $74,731.36 Gross Revenue for Island Registry Continental Registries handle /8 allocations (24 bit address space to manage) $145.96 x 65,536 = $9,565,634.56 Gross Revenue for Continental Registry Stargate Registries handle /0 allocations (32 bit address16 space to manage) $41.61 x 16,777,216 = $698,099,957.76 Gross Revenue to Stargate Registry Galaxy Registries handle /-8 allocations (40 bit address space to manage) $1.14 x 4,294,967,296 = $4,896,262,717.44 Gross Revenue to Galaxy Registry ============================================================= -- Jim Fleming UNETY Systems, Inc. Naperville, IL e-mail: JimFleming@unety.net JimFleming@unety.net.s0.g0 (EDNS/IPv8)