Pete Kruckenberg <pete@kruckenberg.com> writes: | The VoIP QoS problem is interesting. Barring congestion in | the network, VoIP just has a problem with the fact that IP | communications are frame-oriented (and a VoIP packet gets | behind a 1536-byte Ethernet frame in the transmit queue). You *really* want to study Peter Lothberg's excellent queue graphs in his presentation to the Phoenix NANOG a few days ago. They will probably find themselves on the NANOG web site soon, if they are not there already. Speaking of Peter, I often get calls from him which start off with, "you know, Voice Over IP doesn't work without ATM, RSVP, QoS, LAN emulation, MPLS, traffic engineering, and fancy queueing!". It's how I know it's him, when he's making a VOIP call through MAE-EAST, since the connection is much too _clear_ to tell by listening alone. I hope that helps answer your question about what technologies are needed to improve VOIP sound quality, rather than the interesting ones about directories. Sean.