I have some fairly popular echoes at gurus.com, the most popular of which is internet@gurus.com (an address that never appeared anywhere, oddly enough, although versions like internet8@gurus.com appear in my books.) It remembers each message it sends, and won't send more than five messages per hour to any target mailbox. Messages above that are dropped, not delayed. I don't ever recall a deliberate mailbomb, but I do get spam blasts that would reverse mailbomb the forged From: address in the spam, and the occasional loop. The rate limit has sufficed to keep things under control. Regards, John Levine, johnl@iecc.com, Primary Perpetrator of "The Internet for Dummies", Information Superhighwayman wanna-be, http://iecc.com/johnl, Sewer Commissioner "Just how much hay did we buy?" asked Tom, balefully.