A friend would print in block letters in the sig area of his credit cards "ASK FOR PHOTO ID". He said that almost always cashiers et al would give a cursory glance like they were checking his signature and say thank you and hand him back his card. Maybe someone mentioned this but merchant card contracts generally (always?) require that you NOT store CVVs when the transaction is over. It's just some double-check remotely that you physically have the card, or did once in the past, etc. and doesn't imprint. Credit card security is about percentages not absolutes, about the cost-benefit analysis. Many years ago I interviewed at a company which was building a big honking multi-processor. They had $150M in pre-orders from BIG CREDIT CARD COMPANY dependent on the machine being able to run a bunch of anti-fraud algorithms they knew were good (run against historical data) but couldn't run in real-time, no iron was fast enough at the time. BIG CREDIT CARD COMPANY estimated, as I remember, that if they could run those algorithms it would catch about $50,000/hour in fraud, so the $150M was a good investment from their point of view. I didn't take the job and they never finished the system. -- -Barry Shein The World | bzs@TheWorld.com | http://www.TheWorld.com Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 800-THE-WRLD | Dial-Up: US, PR, Canada Software Tool & Die | Public Access Internet | SINCE 1989 *oo*