Anyone who believes that SPAM can be solved by technical means should try googling one of the following: sms spam i-mode spam IM spam It should be clear that spam is really a social problem, not a technical one and therefore the solutions will be found in the social, political and legal spaces, not in network engineering. Some combination of education and training, new laws, arrests and public trials will be needed to get rid of it. I'm betting that we get the biggest bang for the buck out of education and training. Part of it will come from teaching people network etiquette, part from teaching them that spam is not a way to make money, and part of it from teaching website owners how to provide effective advertising so that website ads can dominate the cheap mass advertising space and displace the spammers. In any case, I suggest that we should ban all future discussion of SPAM and spammers from this mailing list since it is not related to network engineering or operating an IP network. ------------------------------------------------------- Michael Dillon Capacity Planning, Prescot St., London, UK Mobile: +44 7900 823 672 Internet: michael.dillon@radianz.com Phone: +44 20 7650 9493 Fax: +44 20 7650 9030