For those who didn't save this the first time. -dorian ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Sat, 23 Sep 1995 18:46:01 -0400 From: Sean Doran <smd@sprint.net> To: nanog@MERIT.EDU Subject: access-list 112 This is probably ugly and difficult to read. It also can be trimmed, but has been left overly-long and overly-paranoid for readability when using "show access-list 112" and because the IOS 10.3 distribute-list caching doesn't seem to mind the extra deny clauses all that much. Sean. - -- ! list 112 - deny more specifics of some prefixes ! ! IMPORTANT-TO-REMEMBER SYNTAX FOR BGP distribute-list! ! access-list <#> <permit|deny> ip <prefix> <don't care bits> <mask> <don't care bits> ! ! clear old list ! no access-list 112 ! ! this was originally ordered A, B, C and side-effects, but ! what we really want to do is put the permit clauses up front ! starting with the swamp, as this will match the most prefixes ! !!!!! START ! !!!! PERMITs ! !!! C space !! permit /24s in 192/8-205/8. ! (192==1100 0000, 205==1100 1101) ! ! allow M =< /24 in 1100 xx0x * ! (allow mask bits in first three octets) ! 1100xx0x == {192,193,196,197,200,201,204,205} ! access-list 112 permit ip 192.0.0.0 13.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 ! ! ! allow M =< /24 in 1100 {0010,0011,0110,0111,1010,1011} ! (which really means 1100 {001x,011x,101x}, ! which in turn is really 1110 {x01x,011x}} ! 1100x01x == {194,195,202,203} ! 1100011x == {198,199} ! access-list 112 permit ip 194.0.0.0 9.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 access-list 112 permit ip 198.0.0.0 1.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 ! ! !! hack - allow M =< /19 in 206/8 ! access-list 112 permit ip 206.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 255.255.224.0 ! ! allow M =< /18 in 206/8-239/8 (1100 111x *, 1110 xxxx *) ! (allow mask bits in first 18 bits) ! 1100111x == {206,207} ! 1110xxxx == {208-239} ! access-list 112 permit ip 206.0.0.0 1.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 255.255.192.0 access-list 112 permit ip 239.0.0.0 15.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 255.255.192.0 ! ! !!! B space !! permit /16s in old B-space ! 10xx xxxx * ! (we don't care what bits are in the first two octets ! of the mask; the second two octets must be 0) ! access-list 112 permit ip 128.0.0.0 63.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 ! ! !!! A space !! permit /8s and shorter prefixes in old A-space ! 0xxx xxxx * would be simple but unsafe from 0/8 POV, so ! we make sure that there is at least one 1 bit in the first ! octet's last seven bits, and that the first bit is 0; ! we don't care what bits are set in the mask, because ! we assume IOS won't present us with a prefix with ! bits set in the prefix's first octet but not in the mask, ! unless it's a long mask... ! ! 126=01111110 (IOW, CddddddC C==CARE, d=don't care) ! 125=01111101 ! ... ! 95=01011111 ! 63=00111111 ! access-list 112 permit ip 1.0.0.0 126.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 access-list 112 permit ip 2.0.0.0 125.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 access-list 112 permit ip 4.0.0.0 123.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 access-list 112 permit ip 8.0.0.0 119.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 access-list 112 permit ip 16.0.0.0 111.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 access-list 112 permit ip 32.0.0.0 95.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 access-list 112 permit ip 64.0.0.0 63.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 ! ! !! permit 9.20.0.0/18 and 9.2/16 by exact match ! (both IBM early birds wrt subnets of As) ! access-list 112 permit ip 9.2.0.0 0.0.255.255 255.255.0.0 0.0.0.0 access-list 112 permit ip 9.20.0.0 0.0.255.255 255.255.192.0 0.0.0.0 ! !! permit exp39 /24s and shorter prefixes only ! (no ones set in the fourth octet) ! access-list 112 permit ip 39.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 ! ! !!!! DENYs ! ! This is super paranoia. At this point we have permitted ! all valid unicast prefixes and masks. ! In theory, we could end right here with a ! ! access-list 112 deny ip any any ! ! but this section below offers some degree of clarity ! policy-wise... (at least to me, but I'm weird -- smd) ! ! we also could have done a quick deny after each permit ! to catch any prefixes which didn't pass the permit filters, ! however, as noted below, I am superparanoid about ! funny, noncontiguous masks and other weirdnesses, and ! would like to be able to see them being caught, if ! they ever get as far as the access-list. ! !!! A space !! deny 0/(9-15) - 127/(9-15) ! deny subnets in old-style class A space, first octet ! (if any bit set in bit 8-15 (second octet), deny) ! ! this is a paranoid way of writing this out; ! less paranoia would let us write: ! ! ... deny ip 0.0.0.0 127.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.128.0.0 ! ! because we believe in contiguous netmasks; so we would ! never have a /18 if we block /17. ! ! However, better safe than sorry... ? ! ! 0xxx xxxx * ! access-list 112 deny ip 0.0.0.0 127.255.255.255 0.128.0.0 255.127.255.255 access-list 112 deny ip 0.0.0.0 127.255.255.255 0.64.0.0 255.191.255.255 access-list 112 deny ip 0.0.0.0 127.255.255.255 0.32.0.0 255.223.255.255 access-list 112 deny ip 0.0.0.0 127.255.255.255 0.16.0.0 255.239.255.255 access-list 112 deny ip 0.0.0.0 127.255.255.255 0.8.0.0 255.247.255.255 access-list 112 deny ip 0.0.0.0 127.255.255.255 0.4.0.0 255.251.255.255 access-list 112 deny ip 0.0.0.0 127.255.255.255 0.2.0.0 255.253.255.255 access-list 112 deny ip 0.0.0.0 127.255.255.255 0.1.0.0 255.254.255.255 ! !!! B space !! deny 0-127/16, 0-(17-23) - 191/(17-23) ! deny subnets in old-style class-B space ! and second octet of class A space. ! (first two bits will be 00 or 10; so x0xx xxxx; 191==10111111) ! (if any bit set in 16-23, deny) ! we also need to zap 0xxx xxxx * /16 ! access-list 112 deny ip 0.0.0.0 127.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 access-list 112 deny ip 0.0.0.0 191.255.255.255 0.0.128.0 255.255.127.255 access-list 112 deny ip 0.0.0.0 191.255.255.255 0.0.64.0 255.255.191.255 access-list 112 deny ip 0.0.0.0 191.255.255.255 0.0.32.0 255.255.223.255 access-list 112 deny ip 0.0.0.0 191.255.255.255 0.0.16.0 255.255.239.255 access-list 112 deny ip 0.0.0.0 191.255.255.255 0.0.8.0 255.255.247.255 access-list 112 deny ip 0.0.0.0 191.255.255.255 0.0.4.0 255.255.251.255 access-list 112 deny ip 0.0.0.0 191.255.255.255 0.0.2.0 255.255.253.255 access-list 112 deny ip 0.0.0.0 191.255.255.255 0.0.1.0 255.255.254.255 ! ! !!! C space !! deny 206/(19-23) - 239/(19-23) ! block prefixes longer than /18 in 207/8-239/8 ! no < /18 in 1100 1110 *, 1100 1111 *, 1110 xxxx * ! ! we block all M => /24 below and we did /17-/23 for 0/8-191/8 above, ! so we only need to worry about 19-23 for 207/8-239/8 ! ! first, in 1100 111x (206/8, 207/8) ! (if mask has 1 bits in third octet (bits 18-23), deny) ! access-list 112 deny ip 206.0.0.0 1.255.255.255 0.0.32.0 255.255.223.255 access-list 112 deny ip 206.0.0.0 1.255.255.255 0.0.16.0 255.255.239.255 access-list 112 deny ip 206.0.0.0 1.255.255.255 0.0.8.0 255.255.247.255 access-list 112 deny ip 206.0.0.0 1.255.255.255 0.0.4.0 255.255.251.255 access-list 112 deny ip 206.0.0.0 1.255.255.255 0.0.2.0 255.255.253.255 access-list 112 deny ip 206.0.0.0 1.255.255.255 0.0.1.0 255.255.254.255 ! ! next in 1101 xxxx (208/8-239/8) ! (if mask has 1 bits in third octet (bits 18-23), deny) ! access-list 112 deny ip 239.0.0.0 15.255.255.255 0.0.32.0 255.255.223.255 access-list 112 deny ip 239.0.0.0 15.255.255.255 0.0.16.0 255.255.239.255 access-list 112 deny ip 239.0.0.0 15.255.255.255 0.0.8.0 255.255.247.255 access-list 112 deny ip 239.0.0.0 15.255.255.255 0.0.4.0 255.255.251.255 access-list 112 deny ip 239.0.0.0 15.255.255.255 0.0.2.0 255.255.253.255 access-list 112 deny ip 239.0.0.0 15.255.255.255 0.0.1.0 255.255.254.255 ! !!! all UNICAST space !! deny ANY/24, ANY/(25-32) ! now we block the final octet for 0/8-239/8 ! (because we specifically allowed /24s in 192/8-205/8, we can ! just block everything in xxxx xxxx * that has any 1 bits in 4th octet) ! access-list 112 deny ip 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.0 0.0.0.0 access-list 112 deny ip 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.128 255.255.255.127 access-list 112 deny ip 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.64 255.255.255.191 access-list 112 deny ip 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.32 255.255.255.223 access-list 112 deny ip 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.16 255.255.255.239 access-list 112 deny ip 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.8 255.255.255.247 access-list 112 deny ip 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.4 255.255.255.251 access-list 112 deny ip 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.2 255.255.255.253 access-list 112 deny ip 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.1 255.255.255.252 ! !!! all IP space !! deny 240/(4-32), 0/(8-32) ! finally, we get rid of any announcements that are bogons ! 240/8-255/8 and 0/8 ! 1111 xxxx * and 0000 0000 * (any mask) ! we can leave this last as it's likely almost never to happen ! access-list 112 deny ip 255.0.0.0 15.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 access-list 112 deny ip 0.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 ! !!!!! 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