good news. but .... if you look at the recent ipv4 burn rate of ripe and apnic especially, we run out of v4 space in about three years. this should not be surprising, as it matches what frank was saying a decade ago at ale. so having dual stack backbones is very important. but ... four years from now, when marissa can't get v4 space from an rir/lir and so gets v6 space, she will not be able to use 99% of the internet because no significant number of v4 end hosts will have bothered to be v6 enabled because there was no perceived market for it. there will likely be a dangerous period between v4 exhaustion and significant v6 presence where v6-only folk will be in a very bad place. geoff's predictions for a very lively market in v4 space will seriously come into play. randy