It is only in very recent times that we have been able to overlay Internet on both cable and television, and to have television competition via satellite.
In "the old days" the phone company didn't provide "content". You called someone and the people at each end provided the content or the data going over the network. The phone company simply provided the network. I still believe the biggest mistake we made was breaking up the Bell System. We should have let them be, regulated the crap out of them, and then said "no, you can't get into the business of providing content". They system should have been left as a regulated public utility.
To that end, I think the US would be much better off with fiber to the home on a single distribution infrastructure. That could be owned and operated by the municipality (like the water system) or owned and operated by a corporation granted an exclusive right to service an area (think telephone, at least pre CLEC).
Where you immediately run into a snag is the next layer up. Should
Yup, bring back "The Bell System". the
government provide IP services, if the fiber is government owned? Should private companies be required to offer competitors access to provide IP services if the fiber is privately owned?
I would say they provide network access only, not content. They would be kept out of providing content and kept in the business of reliably connecting content to consumer. That would be their focus.
Having looked around the world I personally believe most communities would be best served if the government provided layer-1 distribution, possibly with some layer 2 switching, but then allowed any commercial entity to come in and offer layer 3 services.
I don't. What happens when the "government" then decides what content is and is not allowed to go over their network? If one had a site that provided a view that the government didn't like, would they cut it off? I want the government very strictly limited in what they can and cannot do and I want them to have to go to an outside entity for things like lawful intercept because it is another check on their power. A private entity might insist that there is a proper warrant or subpoena while the government might simply decide to snoop first, get the paperwork later. Keeping the network at arm's length from the government helps to make sure there is another entity in the loop.
For simplicity of argument I like people to envision the local government fiber agency (like your water authority) dropping off a 1 port fiber 4 port copper switch in your basement.
Big difference. Water is not a good analogy. The "content" in that case is from a central source and everyone gets the same thing. With the network, you have people communicating back and forth and much of that communications is private or expected to be private (say, a phone call or a secure financial transaction). If a private entity screws up, it is much easier to fine them or fire the person responsible than it is to punish a government department or fire a government worker. Besides, we really don't need yet more people on the government payroll. Though I do agree that it is a natural monopoly. It should be managed by a regulated utility that is explicitly prohibited from providing the content, only provide access through the network.