The best way to stop spam from going out of an ISP is to: A) Make a clear policy as part of the terms & conditions, including a significant clean-up fee + direct charges (e.g., if they ask you or prompt a legal question they can pay the legal fee for you to get it answered.) B) KNOW WHO THE HELL YOU'RE GIVING ACCOUNTS TO so that (A) works. Get a credit card or verify the phone number and other info (e.g., call them back, insist on calling them back.) C) Use (B) to enforce (A). The problem in 99% of the cases is either (B) or ISPs who just don't care at all. I no longer believe "it was a throwaway account" is a reasonable excuse except in a rare case where something slipped through the cracks, I understand it can happen. But when a spammer is creating throwaway after throwaway the ISP needs to change their account creation procedures because this information is shared by spammers and they've become a target. -- -Barry Shein Software Tool & Die | bzs@TheWorld.com | http://www.TheWorld.com Purveyors to the Trade | Voice: 617-739-0202 | Login: 617-739-WRLD The World | Public Access Internet | Since 1989 *oo*