Actually, many naming and addressing management experts consider that the existence of a root defines a unique namespace. Also, the issue of authority for a namespace is a distinct and separate issue from affection for that authority. Cutler At 03:52 PM 7/9/2005, John Palmer (NANOG Acct) wrote: No William, we are talking about multiple roots, NOT separate namespaces. There is one namespace. There cannot be collisions. Inclusive roots do not create collisions - only ICANN has done that so far. There are people who have a great disagreement about how ICANN is going about its business. There is a large piece of the world that doesn't want ICANN to be the authority. No public RSN that cares about its credibility will create collisions. - James R. Cutler james.cutler@consultant.com