There is one well-known IXP that sells transit as well. You'd be silly to buy both from the same provider.

CH

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From: NANOG <nanog-bounces+chris=thesysadmin.au@nanog.org> on behalf of William Herrin <bill@herrin.us>
Sent: Tuesday, November 5, 2024 11:57:13 am
To: Douglas Fischer <fischerdouglas@gmail.com>
Cc: NANOG <nanog@nanog.org>
Subject: Re: Can an IXP sell IP transit?

On Mon, Nov 4, 2024 at 8:44 AM Douglas Fischer <fischerdouglas@gmail.com> wrote:
> But I have seen a reasonably large scenario in which the IXP operator,
> maintaining the MLPA LAN with the pair of Route-Servers, adds
> another participant with the SAME ASN as the route-servers,
> and through this participant starts to sell traffic.

Of course they can sell transit. The reason they don't is that it has
the potential to create a conflict of interest. When your customer is
also a competitor and your customer suffers an outage that's your
fault... Well, you see where this is going.

Regards,
Bill Herrin

--
William Herrin
bill@herrin.us
https://bill.herrin.us/